Individualized Rectifying Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement methods lack accuracy due to the use of universal coefficients for different subjects, leading to distorted results, and existing methods struggle to provide meaningful beat-to-beat measurements without altering the subject's condition.
Innovation Solution
A method using a cuff and Korotkoff's sound delay time to estimate blood pressure changes, with individualized rectification of parameters through regression equations between pulse wave transit time and blood pressure, incorporating deep breathing to enhance measurement accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If universal coefficients are used for blood pressure measurement across different subjects, then the measurement process is simplified, but the measurement precision deteriorates due to individual arterial differences
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by transitioning from universal fixed coefficients to individualized dynamic coefficients (a and b) that are calibrated for each subject. The regression equation BP = a + b × PWTT uses subject-specific parameters obtained through calibration, allowing the measurement system to adapt to individual arterial characteristics while maintaining a relatively simple measurement process.
2Measurement precision
If exercise or drugs are used to alter blood pressure for coefficient estimation, then the slope coefficient b can be obtained, but the arterial characteristics change and violate the linearity assumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by obtaining multiple blood pressure measurements and corresponding PWTT values during the calibration phase before actual continuous monitoring begins. Subject-specific coefficients a and b are calculated from this preliminary data set, ensuring the arterial characteristics remain relatively stable during coefficient determination while still providing sufficient variation for accurate estimation.
3Measurement precision
If body posture is changed to obtain multi-group data for coefficient rectification, then parameter accuracy improves, but continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement cannot be obtained during posture changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the measurement process into distinct phases: a calibration phase where posture changes are used to obtain multi-group data for accurate coefficient determination, and a monitoring phase where the subject maintains a stable posture for continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure measurement. This segmentation allows both accurate parameter rectification and reliable continuous measurement to be achieved at different times.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise, continuous, and noninvasive beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure measurement with reduced errors, improving the accuracy and reliability of blood pressure monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
getting a series value of cuff pressure P and corresponding Korotkoff's sound delay time TK
Implementation Method 2
BP measurement in according to the pulse wave transit velocity (PWTV) is a type of noninvasive continuous BP measurement method
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus for indirect, quantitative estimation of beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure utilizing the individualized rectifying technique. A function TK=H(P) that describes the relationship between Korotkoff's sound delay time Tk and cuff pressure P is obtained by measuring the different cuff pressure P and corresponding Tk in the Korotkoff's sound sensor that is distal to the cuff. Keep the cuff pressure at a constant value Pm, the blood pressure variance can be calculated using the Korotkoff's sound delay time Tkm, according to the function Tk=H(P). The invention can measure the beat-to-beat artery blood pressure indirectly. The technique can be applied to obtain individual coefficient of regress equation for continuous arterial blood pressure measurement by the instantaneous blood pressure fluctuation, which make the rectifying technique more safe, effective and less erroneous. The technique makes the operation of noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement for long time more practical.