Humidification and evaporative-cooling ventilation system
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing humidification and evaporative-cooling ventilation systems face inefficiencies in water absorption, leading to condensation, corrosion, bacterial proliferation, and limited supersaturation capacity, with conventional systems failing to utilize the full amount of introduced water without causing dripping or precipitation.
Innovation Solution
An adiabatic system using inductive air diffusion with nebulized water introduction into a laminar air flow, protected by outflow nozzles that ensure complete water absorption without condensation, featuring aligned diffusion holes and outflow nozzles with fluid-thread straighteners to maintain laminar airflow and directionality, enhancing supersaturation capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If water is introduced into the air flow for humidification, then the humidification efficiency is improved, but condensation and water dripping occur when saturation levels are exceeded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the air flow by creating a laminar flow regime with specific velocity profiles and introducing hot air to raise the temperature. This increases the air's capacity to absorb water vapor without reaching saturation, allowing up to 40 g of water per kilogram of air to be absorbed without condensation or dripping.
Solution Approach 2:
The system preliminarily prepares the air flow by establishing laminar flow conditions and heating the air before water introduction. This preliminary action creates optimal conditions for water absorption, preventing condensation from occurring in the first place rather than trying to manage it afterward.
2Quantity of substance
If saturated air is conveyed through distribution ducts, then the humidification capacity is improved, but corrosion and bacterial proliferation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent maintains the air temperature above the dew point throughout the distribution ducts by continuously introducing hot air and maintaining laminar flow. This parameter control ensures that even though the air has high humidity (up to 40 g water per kg air), it remains in a supersaturated state without condensation, preventing corrosion and bacterial growth in the ducts.
3Device complexity
If conventional humidification systems are used, then the system complexity is reduced, but the supersaturation capacity is limited to around 1 g per kilogram of air
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses periodic recirculation of hot air through the distribution ducts to continuously refresh the air and maintain its water-absorbing capacity. This periodic action allows the system to sustain high supersaturation levels (40 g/kg) without requiring complex additional humidification equipment, achieving enhanced capacity with relatively simple system architecture.
4Quantity of substance
If water is sprayed at high pressure for micronisation, then the water absorption efficiency is improved, but the system complexity and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes pneumatic principles by introducing hot air flow that creates a low-pressure zone, drawing water into the air stream without requiring high-pressure compression. The laminar flow dynamics and temperature differential naturally facilitate water evaporation and absorption, achieving high water absorption efficiency (40 g/kg) with minimal energy input compared to high-pressure spray systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high humidification efficiency with up to 40 g of water per kilogram of air, significantly surpassing conventional systems, while preventing condensation and dripping, ensuring safe and efficient operation by maintaining airflow laminarity and directionality.
Implementation Method 1
The system is based upon adiabatic treatment of the air, namely, upon the capacity of the evaporating water to transform the sensible heat of the air into latent heat of vaporization, without on the other hand changing the total thermal content thereof (isenthalpic treatment).
Implementation Method 2
the capacity of the evaporating water to transform the sensible heat of the air into latent heat of vaporization
Implementation Method 3
The holes are characterised by an air-outlet speed such as to generate localised microturbulence and consequent areas of negative pressure, a well-known inductive effect that recalls air from the environment towards the outer surface of the ducts
Implementation Method 4
a system for introducing nebulised water directly into the flow of induced air but protected in a secondary air flow capable of ensuring complete absorption of the water
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
An inductive-humidification and evaporative-cooling ventilation system comprising: means for generating a flow of air; a channel (10) for conveying said flow of air, said channel (10) comprising a plurality of inductive holes (11) for transferring said flow of air into the environment, said channel (10) further comprising at least one outflow mouth (17) for expelling said flow of air, which has a three-dimensional structure open both at the back and at the front, and a fluid-thread straightener (21) set at the rear end of said at least one outflow mouth (17), which recalls a flow of air (31) from the environment surrounding said channel (10); and at least one humidification device (16) for introducing nebulised water into the environment; wherein said at least one humidification device (16) is set within said at least one diffusion mouth (17), and said plurality of holes (11) are arranged in a number of rows (12) aligned longitudinally along the ducts (10).