Inductive Receiver Circuit With Hysteresis for Noise-Resistant Isolation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing communication systems across galvanic isolation barriers in switch mode power converters face challenges in accurately detecting signals due to weak inductive coupling, noise sensitivity, and the need for high-frequency circuitry, which complicates signal processing and increases noise misinterpretation.

Innovation Solution

A data communications receiver with a receiver coil, amplification stages, filter circuitry, and hysteretic level shifting circuitry that amplifies signal differences relative to a threshold, filters low-frequency components, and extends the apparent duration of detected pulses through level shifting, allowing for improved signal processing and noise immunity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If inductive coupling is used for galvanic isolation, then electrical isolation is achieved, but signal detection accuracy deteriorates due to weak coupling

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegalvanic isolationVSAvoidsignal detection accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The receiver circuit performs preliminary filtering of low-frequency components before amplification, preparing the signal in advance to enhance subsequent detection accuracy. The filter circuit removes unwanted low-frequency noise and drift, allowing the amplification stage to focus on enhancing the relevant high-frequency signal components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional high-frequency circuitry with a hysteretic level shifting circuit that operates on voltage levels rather than frequency. This substitution eliminates the need for complex high-frequency components while maintaining signal detection capability through hysteresis-based threshold switching.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Productivity

If high-frequency circuitry is used for signal processing, then signal processing capability is improved, but noise sensitivity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal processing capabilityVSAvoidnoise sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces high-frequency circuitry with a hysteretic level shifting circuit that operates on voltage threshold comparison. This substitution maintains signal processing capability while eliminating the noise sensitivity inherent in high-frequency circuits, as the hysteresis mechanism provides noise immunity through its inherent threshold hysteresis.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The hysteretic level shifting circuit acts as an intermediary between the filtered signal and the output, providing noise immunity through its threshold hysteresis mechanism. This intermediary stage converts analog voltage variations into clean digital-level outputs, filtering out noise that would otherwise propagate through the system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Measurement precision

If amplification is applied to enhance weak signals, then signal detection sensitivity is improved, but noise amplification also increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal detection sensitivityVSAvoidnoise amplification
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes low-frequency noise components through filtering before the amplification stage. By taking out the unwanted low-frequency elements in advance, the subsequent amplification only enhances the desired signal components without amplifying the noise, thus improving signal-to-noise ratio.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The filter circuit serves as an intermediary between the received signal and the amplification stage, selectively passing desired frequency components while blocking noise. This intermediary filtering protects the amplification stage from amplifying noise, maintaining signal detection sensitivity without proportional noise amplification.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Reliability

If pulse duration is extended for better detection, then signal reliability is improved, but communication speed decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal detection reliabilityVSAvoidcommunication speed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The filter circuit performs preliminary signal conditioning by removing low-frequency components, which allows the hysteresis circuit to detect pulses more reliably without requiring extended pulse durations. This preliminary filtering enhances the effective signal-to-noise ratio, enabling reliable detection of shorter pulses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional pulse width extension methods with a hysteretic level shifting circuit that provides inherent noise immunity through voltage threshold hysteresis. This substitution maintains communication speed while improving detection reliability, as the hysteresis mechanism reliably detects transitions without requiring prolonged pulse widths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances signal detection accuracy and noise resistance, enabling effective communication across weak inductive coupling with reduced noise sensitivity and improved processing of high-frequency signals, particularly in noisy environments like power switch controllers.

Implementation Method 1

a varying current flowing through a transmitting conductor induces a voltage across the ends of a receiving conductor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

hysteretic level shifting circuitry to shift a level of a) part of the signal received by the receiver coil, b) the threshold, or c) part of the signal received by the receiver coil and the threshold. In response to the at least part of the signal received by the receiver coil having crossed the threshold, a threshold crossing in the other direction is delayed.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHysteresis: Hysteresis

Data Source

PatentEP3386106B1Receiver circuit
Publication Date: 2021.03.24 POWER INTEGRATIONS SWITZERLAND
  • EP3386106B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3386106B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3386106B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A data communications receiver including a receiver coil, a first amplification stage (110) coupled to the receiver coil, the first amplification circuitry (110) to differentially amplify at least part of signal received by the receiver coil relative to a threshold, a second amplification stage (112) coupled to receive the differentially amplified signal from the first amplification stage, the second amplification stage comprising a current mirror, and hysteretic level shifting circuitry (114) to shift a level of part of the signal received by the receiver coil, the threshold or part of the signal received by the receiver coil and the threshold such that, in response to the at least part of the signal received by the receiver coil having crossed the threshold, a threshold crossing in the other direction is delayed.