Inductive Sensor with Segmented Coils for Metal Type Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing inductive proximity sensors are limited in detecting both ferrous and non-ferrous metals and are not operational in constant or alternating magnetic fields of industrial frequency, lacking the ability to differentiate between metal types and requiring physical connection with the target.

Innovation Solution

An inductive proximity sensor using an air-core transformer arrangement with a primary and secondary coil, an operational amplifier, and signal processing means, including low-stop filters to suppress noise, generates distinct signals for ferrous and non-ferrous targets, allowing differentiation and operation in industrial magnetic fields without physical contact.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a conventional inductive sensor uses a single coil to detect metal targets, then it can detect ferromagnetic materials, but it cannot detect or differentiate non-ferrous metals

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to detect both ferrous and non-ferrous metalsVSAvoidsensor structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The sensor divides the detection function into two separate coils: a first coil for detecting ferromagnetic targets and a second coil for detecting non-ferrous metal targets. Each coil is optimized for its specific detection purpose, allowing the sensor to differentiate between metal types without requiring a single complex detection mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The sensor achieves multi-functionality by combining two coils with different detection capabilities into a single sensor unit. The first coil handles ferromagnetic detection while the second coil handles non-ferrous metal detection, making the overall sensor universal in detecting both metal types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If the sensor uses a standard inductive coil design, then it has simple structure, but it cannot operate in constant or alternating magnetic fields of industrial frequency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational capability in industrial magnetic fieldsVSAvoidsensor circuit complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The sensor introduces intermediary components including low-stop filters and signal processing circuits that act as mediators between the coils and the output signals. These intermediaries suppress industrial frequency magnetic field interference and process the raw coil signals into usable detection outputs, enabling reliable operation in industrial environments.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The sensor employs feedback mechanisms through signal processing means that continuously monitor and adjust the detection signals. The low-stop filters provide feedback to suppress noise at industrial frequencies, and the signal processing circuits use feedback to maintain accurate detection despite magnetic field interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Ease of operation

If the sensor requires physical connection with the target for detection, then the detection mechanism is simple, but it cannot detect targets without contact

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenon-contact detection capabilityVSAvoiddetection sensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The sensor replaces mechanical contact-based detection with electromagnetic field-based detection. The coils generate magnetic fields that interact with metal targets at a distance, inducing eddy currents in the targets without physical contact. This substitution of mechanical detection with electromagnetic detection enables non-contact operation while maintaining detection sensitivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The sensor effectively detects and differentiates between ferrous and non-ferrous targets, maintaining functionality in industrial magnetic fields, and can be flush-mounted, providing accurate position and material information without physical connection.

Implementation Method 1

When the coil with its associated flux field is placed close to the conductive target, the field establishes electric currents in the target. These currents are eddy currents, i.e. closed loops of induced current circulating (in a direction opposite to the current in the coil) in planes perpendicular to the magnetic flux

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

an air-core transformer arrangement with a primary and secondary coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP1965177B1Inductive presence or position sensor
Publication Date: 2019.10.02 SENSTRONIC
  • EP1965177B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP1965177B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP1965177B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The present invention relates to an inductive presence or position sensor. Inductive sensor or detector of the type comprising as its sensitive element, preferably defining a front working plane of the sensor, a coil system forming an air-core transformer arrangement with a primary coil or winding and a secondary coil or winding, said primary coil or winding of said system being associated with a capacity component in order to constitute a LC oscillating circuit whose oscillation is sustained by an adapted generator in the form of an operational amplifier and an associated resistance arrangement, the sensor also comprising signal processing means, for example signal adding, amplifying, converting and/or evaluating circuits, fed by at least one signal provided by at least one component of the coil system, inductive sensor (1) characterised in that it comprises a direct or indirect feedback line (11) from the secondary coil or winding (3) to the input of the operational amplifier (6) of the generator (5).