Inertial Filter for Compressor Air Bleed
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Solution Overview
Problem
In gas turbines with centrifugal or mixed-flow compressors, oxidizer gas pollution leads to clogging of bleed orifices, reducing the quantity of gas bled off and increasing the temperature of hot parts, which shortens their lifespan and reduces mechanical strength and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A secondary air system with an oxidizer gas bleed system integrated into the rotor of the compressor, which centrifuges polluting particles and includes a channeling system to direct bleed gas to hot parts, improving aerodynamics and preventing clogging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If bleed orifices are arranged tangentially to the flow of oxidizer gas, then the secondary air system can effectively bleed off gas, but polluting particles clog the bleed orifices reducing their effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful polluting particles from the oxidizer gas stream by introducing a separate air stream that selectively removes particles without significantly affecting the gas flow. The extraction is achieved through a particle removal system that separates particles from the main gas flow, allowing the bleed orifices to remain clear while maintaining gas bleeding effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary air stream that acts as a mediator between the polluting particles and the bleed orifices. This intermediary stream carries the particles away from the bleed orifices, preventing clogging while allowing the secondary air system to continue bleeding off gas effectively. The intermediary air serves as a protective barrier that isolates the orifices from direct particle exposure.
2Ease of operation
If the boundary layer of oxidizer gas separates from the rotor, then the flow of gas is disturbed, but the overall efficiency of the compressor is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by introducing a controlled air stream before the boundary layer separation occurs. This preliminary air injection prevents the separation from happening in the first place, maintaining smooth gas flow along the rotor surface and preserving compressor efficiency. The action is taken in advance at strategic locations to prevent the harmful flow disturbance before it develops.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents clogging, maintains the efficiency of the compressor, and reduces the temperature of hot parts, enhancing the robustness and longevity of the compressor and turbine components.
Implementation Method 1
This enables polluting particles that might be contained in the oxidizer gas to be centrifuged, thereby preventing, or at least limiting, progressive clogging of the bleed system by said polluting particles.
Implementation Method 2
the secondary air system also includes a channeling system for channeling the bleed gas to at least one of the hot parts in order to lower its temperature.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a secondary air system for a compressor of centrifugal or mixed type including a rotor presenting an axis of rotation, said compressor being adapted to compress an oxidizer gas. The secondary air system includes an oxidizer gas bleed system arranged in the rotor.