Infrared Soil Analysis System for Real-Time Nutrient Mapping

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current agricultural practices face challenges in efficiently and accurately determining soil nutrients and characteristics within a field, as existing methods are often expensive and provide limited spatial resolution, making it difficult to optimize fertilization and crop management.

Innovation Solution

A soil analysis system integrated with an agricultural vehicle, equipped with a sensor apparatus that includes a location sensor and infrared sensors, which collects data on soil type, nutrient calibration curves, and generates real-time fertilizer recommendations for precise application based on estimated nutrient values.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional soil sampling and laboratory analysis methods are used, then comprehensive soil nutrient information can be obtained, but the process is expensive and provides limited spatial resolution

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespatial resolution of soil analysisVSAvoidcost of soil analysis
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical soil sampling and laboratory chemical analysis with an optical sensing system using infrared sensors mounted on a vehicle. The sensor apparatus detects soil nutrient characteristics remotely through optical spectra, eliminating the need for physical soil collection and laboratory processing, thereby providing high spatial resolution data at lower cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the measurement parameter from physical soil samples to optical spectra characteristics. By analyzing the reflection and absorption properties of soil in different infrared wavelengths, the system derives nutrient information without physically disturbing the soil, enabling continuous spatial mapping of nutrient zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of time

If traditional soil analysis methods are used, then soil nutrient information can be obtained, but real-time data for precise fertilization is not available

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetime delay in obtaining soil analysis resultsVSAvoidaccuracy of nutrient estimation
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary calibration by collecting soil samples and laboratory analysis data beforehand to establish calibration curves that correlate optical spectra with actual nutrient concentrations. These pre-established relationships enable real-time estimation during field operations without sacrificing accuracy, as the calibration model is prepared in advance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system incorporates a feedback mechanism where initial soil samples are analyzed in the laboratory, the results are used to calibrate the optical sensor readings, and subsequent real-time measurements are continuously refined based on this calibration data. This closed-loop approach ensures real-time accuracy while maintaining speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This system enables efficient and accurate soil analysis, providing nutrient zone maps and fertilizer recommendations, thereby improving crop yield, reducing costs, and optimizing resource use by offering immediate and precise soil characteristic representations.

Implementation Method 1

an infrared sensor configured to collect infrared spectra from soil at the location

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInfrared radiation: Infrared Radiation

Data Source

PatentEP3922089B1In-field soil analysis system and method
Publication Date: 2024.10.23 DEERE & CO
  • EP3922089B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3922089B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3922089B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A soil analysis system for an agricultural vehicle includes a sensor apparatus, a controller, and a display device. The sensor apparatus includes a location sensor configured to determine a location of the agricultural vehicle; and an infrared sensor configured to collect infrared spectra from soil at the location. The controller is configured to determine a soil type based on the location; select at least one nutrient calibration curve based on the soil type at the location; analyze the infrared spectra according to the at least one nutrient calibration curve to generate at least one estimated nutrient value for the soil at the location; and generate display commands representing the at least one estimated nutrient value. The display device is configured to generate a first display representing the at least one estimated nutrient value based on the display commands.