Injection Lance for Simultaneous Hazardous Waste Incineration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for incinerating hazardous waste in rotary kilns face inefficiencies due to the need to burn wastes sequentially to avoid reactivity and incompatibility, and the requirement for auxiliary fuels when wastes have low calorific value.
Innovation Solution
The use of an injection lance for direct injection of liquid waste into a post-combustion chamber allows for simultaneous incineration of incompatible hazardous wastes and enhances calorific power, enabling complete combustion without additional auxiliary fuels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If hazardous wastes are supplied together via the feed hopper into the rotary kiln, then the incineration process is simple and continuous, but incompatible or reactive hazardous wastes cannot be supplied together due to violent reactions or incompatibility
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the waste supply system into two separate channels: a feed hopper for solid hazardous wastes and an injection lance system for liquid hazardous wastes. This segmentation allows incompatible wastes to be supplied through different channels simultaneously without reacting with each other, while maintaining continuous incineration operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The injection lance acts as an intermediary device that introduces liquid hazardous waste directly into the post-combustion chamber, separating the liquid waste introduction from the solid waste feed hopper system. This intermediary mechanism enables simultaneous incineration of incompatible wastes by controlling their introduction timing and location.
2Loss of energy
If hazardous waste with insufficient calorific value is incinerated in the rotary kiln, then the incineration process is simple, but insufficient heat is produced to achieve complete combustion requiring auxiliary fuel
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state and introduction method of the hazardous waste from solid (feed hopper) to liquid (injection lance), and introduces it directly into the post-combustion chamber where temperatures are higher. This parameter change enables complete combustion of low-calorific-value wastes without requiring auxiliary fuels, as the post-combustion chamber provides sufficient heat for complete oxidation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary incineration of solid hazardous waste in the rotary kiln, then transfers the combustion products and residual waste to the post-combustion chamber. This preliminary action creates a hot environment that enables complete combustion of subsequent liquid hazardous waste introduction without requiring additional auxiliary fuel.
3Measurement precision
If liquid hazardous waste is introduced into the rotary kiln via the feed hopper, then the system is simple, but the flow rate cannot be accurately controlled leading to efficiency loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical flow control valve system (which is prone to wear and inaccurate control) with a gas flow-based control mechanism. The injection lance uses gas flow to atomize and introduce liquid hazardous waste, where gas flow rate can be more accurately controlled and regulated, thereby improving flow rate measurement precision and reducing efficiency losses.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables continuous incineration of hazardous wastes, avoiding reactivity issues and improving efficiency by ensuring complete combustion with minimal auxiliary fuel usage.
Implementation Method 1
a second hazardous waste is atomized via the at least one injection lance in the post-combustion chamber
Implementation Method 2
The incineration of waste materials has long been a proven method of processing waste
Implementation Method 3
Generated heat is used for the production of steam
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present invention relates to a device for incinerating hazardous solid waste comprising a feed hopper for supplying waste to a rotary kiln, a rotary kiln, a post-combustion chamber, a steam boiler and a gas scrubbing installation, the device comprising at least one injection lance for direct injection of liquid waste into the post-combustion chamber. The invention also relates to a method for incinerating hazardous solid waste, comprising placing hazardous waste in a feed hopper, feeding the hazardous waste from the feed hopper into a rotary kiln, incinerating the hazardous waste in the rotary kiln, post-burning of incinerated hazardous waste from the rotary kiln in a post-combustion chamber, generating steam in a steam boiler using hot gases from the post-combustion chamber, scrubbing hot gases from the steam boiler in a gas scrubbing installation, wherein liquid waste is injected directly into the post-combustion chamber using at least one injection lance.