Injection Valve Pressure Compensation via Elastic Body
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing injection valves in internal combustion engines face challenges in maintaining efficient fluid control across a wide pressure range, requiring large actuators and additional compensation means to manage fluid pressure, which increases the size and complexity of the valve system.
Innovation Solution
The design incorporates a valve needle with a recess and cavity arrangement, utilizing a spring element and elastic body that compresses as the needle moves, generating a pressure-dependent longitudinal force to counteract fluid pressure, reducing the need for additional compensation means and allowing for smaller actuator units, and an electromagnetic actuator with a saturation magnetic flux for stable operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If additional compensation means (such as bellows or dry actuators) are added to counteract fluid pressure, then the valve can operate reliably over a wide pressure range, but the actuator unit dimensions increase and the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the pressure compensation function with the actuator unit by integrating an elastic body (such as a membrane or diaphragm) directly into the actuator structure. This merging eliminates the need for separate compensation means like bellows or dry actuators, thereby maintaining reliable operation over a wide pressure range while reducing device complexity and actuator dimensions.
Solution Approach 2:
The elastic body within the actuator unit automatically compensates for fluid pressure effects without requiring external control or additional components. The elastic material inherently responds to pressure changes by deforming and adjusting the actuator's output, enabling the system to self-regulate across a wide pressure range while maintaining simplicity.
2Volume of moving object
If the actuator unit dimensions are reduced to fit the engine cavity, then the minimum controllable fluid quantity is reduced, but the ability to counteract fluid pressure is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the actuator by using elastic materials with specific mechanical properties (such as varying elasticity coefficients) that allow a compact actuator design to generate sufficient counteracting force. By optimizing the elastic body's material properties and geometric parameters, the actuator maintains pressure compensation capability despite reduced dimensions, enabling both small size and reliable pressure counteraction.
3Reliability
If hydraulically balancing elements (bellows or dry actuators) are used to compensate for fluid pressure, then the valve can maintain functionality under varying pressure, but the actuator becomes larger and slower
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical pressure compensation systems (such as bellows or dry actuators) with a simpler elastic body-based mechanism. The elastic material directly transmits and counteracts pressure forces through its inherent elasticity, eliminating the need for complex mechanical linkages and chambers. This substitution results in a faster-responding actuator that maintains pressure adaptability while reducing size and improving response speed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables the injection valve to operate reliably over a wide pressure range, reduces the dependence on fluid pressure for minimum fluid quantity, and eliminates the need for hard stops, minimizing wear and hydraulic sticking, while maintaining precise control and stability.
Implementation Method 1
A spring element and an elastic body are configured and arranged in the recess such that the elastic body and the spring element are compressed as the valve needle is moved along the longitudinal axis away from its closing position
Implementation Method 2
The elastic body may be operable, in the presence of a fluid pressure in the recess, to exert a longitudinal force on the valve needle which longitudinal force (also denoted as 'longitudinal force Fe' in the following) is dependent on the fluid pressure
Implementation Method 3
The valve needle may be actuated by means of an actuator provided in the injection valve
Implementation Method 4
an electromagnetic actuator with a saturation magnetic flux for stable operation
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an injection valve. The valve may comprise a fluid inlet tube with a recess, a valve body, a valve needle, a spring element, and an elastic body. The valve body may have a central longitudinal axis and a cavity with a fluid outlet portion. The valve needle may be arranged in the recess of the fluid inlet tube and movable in the cavity. The spring element and elastic body may be arranged in the recess and interact with a portion of the valve body on one side and with a spring rest fixed to the valve needle on another side. The elastic body and the spring element are compressed as the valve needle is moved along the longitudinal axis away from its closing position. The elastic body, in the presence of a fluid pressure in the recess, exerts a fluid-pressure-dependent longitudinal force on the valve needle.