Fuel Injector Heat Shield with Integrated Dissipation Device
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fuel injectors in internal combustion engines face high temperatures that lead to deformation and coking, resulting in impaired function, with existing solutions inadequately protecting the injector tip from heat input.
Innovation Solution
A heat dissipation device is integrated into the assembly of a cylinder head and fuel injector, utilizing materials with high thermal conductivity and active or passive cooling methods, including heat sinks, cooling channels, and heat pipes, to reduce heat input and prevent glow ignitions, while maintaining the spray angle and structural integrity of the fuel injector.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the fuel injector is exposed to the combustion chamber without adequate protection, then the structure remains simple, but the heat input causes deformation and coking of the fuel injector
Solution Approach 1:
A heat shield is introduced as an intermediary component between the combustion chamber and the fuel injector. The heat shield absorbs and blocks heat from reaching the fuel injector, preventing deformation and coking while allowing the injector to maintain its structural integrity and function.
Solution Approach 2:
The assembly is divided into distinct functional zones: the combustion chamber, the heat shield (protective barrier), and the fuel injector. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function independently, with the heat shield protecting the injector from thermal exposure.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a heat shield is added to protect the fuel injector, then heat protection is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The heat shield serves multiple functions simultaneously: it protects the fuel injector from heat, provides a sealing surface for the injector, and can serve as a mounting structure for additional components. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate protective elements, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity.
3Temperature
If the heat shield is made from materials with high thermal conductivity, then heat dissipation is improved, but the cost of materials increases
Solution Approach 1:
High thermal conductivity materials are used specifically in the regions of the heat shield where heat dissipation is most critical, such as areas facing the combustion chamber or where heat accumulation would cause deformation. Less expensive materials can be used in areas where thermal performance is less critical, optimizing the balance between heat dissipation and material cost.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The heat dissipation device effectively reduces heat input to the fuel injector, preventing local overheating and misfires, and can also serve as an additional fuel supply, particularly beneficial in dual-fuel engines by using propellant gases or liquids to cool the heat shield and reduce NOx emissions.
Implementation Method 1
the heat dissipation is performed by means of heat conduction. For this purpose, the components involved, such as the heat shield, are, in an embodiment, manufactured from materials with high thermal conductivity
Implementation Method 2
the heat dissipation device comprises a cooling device which can be flowed through or circulated by a cooling medium
Implementation Method 3
cooling channels, through which the cooling medium can be introduced into the combustion chamber
Data Source
AI summary
An assembly of a cylinder head and a fuel injector with an injector tip for an internal combustion engine with at least one combustion chamber, wherein the fuel injector at the end facing a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is at least partially surrounded by a heat shield, wherein in the region of the heat shield a heat dissipation device is provided, through which heat can be dissipated from the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, wherein the heat shield surrounds the fuel injector as far as the injector tip, wherein the heat shield is designed as a tapering collar towards the injector tip and is integrated into an injector sleeve or into the cylinder head.