Fuel Injector Piston Valve Mechanism for Self-Actuating Injection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fuel injector systems for internal combustion engines rely on external high-pressure pumps and mechanical/electrical controls, requiring servicing and limiting flexibility in injection pressure and timing.
Innovation Solution
An injector apparatus with a high-pressure piston and valve system that generates high injection pressures internally, eliminating the need for external pumps by using the combustion chamber pressure, and allowing for variable injection pressures and timing through a control chamber and vent valve mechanism.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If external high-pressure pumps and mechanical/electrical controls are used, then reliable fuel injection is achieved, but device complexity and maintenance requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and eliminates the external high-pressure pump and mechanical/electrical control systems from the fuel injection apparatus. By using the combustion chamber pressure directly to actuate the injector valve through a piston and valve mechanism, the design removes complex external components while maintaining reliable fuel injection functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The fuel injection system becomes self-actuating by utilizing the combustion chamber pressure to automatically open and close the injector valve. The piston and valve mechanism respond automatically to pressure changes in the combustion chamber, eliminating the need for external pumps and control systems.
2Stress or pressure
If external pumps are used, then sufficient injection pressure is generated, but flexibility in injection timing and pressure is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The injection pressure and timing become dynamically adjustable by varying the piston stroke length and valve operation timing within the combustion chamber cycle. The system can adapt injection parameters in real-time based on engine operating conditions without requiring external pump control mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention enables flexible control of injection parameters by changing the physical parameters of the piston stroke, valve timing, and combustion chamber pressure characteristics. These parameter changes allow optimization of injection performance for different engine operating conditions.
3Ease of operation
If external control systems are used, then injection timing is controlled, but servicing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention removes external control systems and mechanical components that require servicing. The simplified design uses only the combustion chamber pressure and basic piston-valve mechanism, eliminating external pumps, sensors, and actuators that would require maintenance and repair.
Solution Approach 2:
The injection timing control becomes self-regulating through the natural pressure variations in the combustion chamber cycle. The piston and valve mechanism automatically respond to pressure changes without requiring external control systems, sensors, or actuation mechanisms that would need servicing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-pressure fuel injection without external pumps, providing flexibility in injection timing and pressure, and allowing for multiple injection events during a single stroke, enhancing engine efficiency and reducing maintenance needs.
Implementation Method 1
the first piston being operable to compress fluid in the high pressure chamber using the high pressure piston
Implementation Method 2
the valve member being selectively operable to engage the valve seat to operably isolate the high pressure chamber from the injector orifice and selectively operable to disengage the valve seat to fluidly connect the high pressure chamber with the injector orifice
Data Source
AI summary
An injector apparatus (10) for injecting fluid under pressure into an associated chamber (32), the apparatus including a body (12), a first piston (14) moveable in the body, the first piston (14) defining a first working area facing an associated chamber (32), a high pressure piston (18, 118) defining a high pressure working area (182) facing a high pressure chamber (19, 119), the first working area being greater than the high pressure working area (182), the first piston (14) being operable to compress fluid in the high pressure chamber (19, 119), the first piston (14) further defining an injector orifice (76) through which the fluid can be injected into an associated chamber (32) from the high pressure chamber (19,119) and defining a valve seat (57), a valve member (92) selectively operable to engage the valve seat (57) to operably isolate the high pressure chamber (19, 119) from the injector orifice (76) and selectively operable to disengage the valve seat (57) to fluidly connect the high pressure chamber (19, 119) with the injector orifice (76).