Medical Injector Ratcheting Plunger Dose Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Medical injectors face challenges in controlling the linear displacement of plungers, leading to difficulties in managing dose size, and existing pen injector mechanisms are complex with multiple parts, increasing costs and complexity.

Innovation Solution

A medical injector with a displaceable plunger featuring spaced-apart ratchet teeth and an indexer that allows unidirectional distal movement while preventing proximal movement, coupled with a rotatable actuator that engages and disengages ratchet teeth to control plunger displacement, minimizing the number of cooperating parts.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If direct linear force is applied to advance the plunger, then the injection function is achieved, but precise control of plunger displacement and dose size becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplunger displacement controlVSAvoiddose size control
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces direct linear mechanical force application with a rotational mechanical system. The actuator rotates the plunger, and ratchet teeth convert this rotational motion into controlled linear displacement. This substitution enables precise control of plunger displacement through rotational positioning, directly resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and ease of operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of operation

If a lead screw or rotating plunger with multiple mechanical connections is used, then plunger control is achieved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplunger controlVSAvoidnumber of parts
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple functions into the plunger itself. The plunger incorporates both the drive mechanism (ratchet teeth) and the indexing system (protrusions engaging with recesses) directly on its body. This integration eliminates the need for separate lead screws and multiple cooperating parts, achieving controlled plunger movement while minimizing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If ratchet teeth are provided on the plunger, then proximal movement is prevented, but the mechanism complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprevention of retractionVSAvoidmechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the ratchet teeth and indexing features directly on the plunger body, merging multiple functions into a single component. The ratchet teeth prevent proximal movement while the protrusions and recesses provide indexing, eliminating the need for separate mechanisms and reducing overall complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Reliability

If multiple cooperating parts are used in pen injector mechanism, then reliable operation is achieved, but manufacturing costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinjection reliabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates multiple functions (ratchet mechanism, indexing system, drive mechanism) directly into the plunger component. This merging reduces the total number of parts that need to be manufactured and assembled, directly lowering manufacturing costs while maintaining reliable operation through the integrated features.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables precise control over plunger displacement and dose size with a simplified mechanism, reducing complexity and costs while ensuring accurate medicament delivery.

Implementation Method 1

The plunger includes a plurality of spaced-apart ratchet teeth disposed along the length thereof. At least one indexer is provided and is formed to engage the plunger, wherein the indexer is configured to allow the plunger to displace distally toward a distal end of the body but not proximally toward a proximal end of the body.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRatchet mechanism: Ratchet

Data Source

PatentEP2686046B1Medical injector with rotatable ratcheting plunger
Publication Date: 2019.05.01 BECTON DICKINSON & CO
  • EP2686046B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2686046B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2686046B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A medical injector has a body with a displaceable plunger, which has a plurality of ratchet teeth along its length. An indexer is provided to engage the plunger, wherein the indexer is configured to allow the plunger to displace distally. The medical injector also includes an actuator having an engagement portion formed to engage the ratchet teeth. The.actuator is displaceable to a ready state, the engagement portion being displaced proximally relative to the plunger with the actuator being displaced to the ready state. The indexer prevents proximal movement of the plunger, thereby allowing the engagement portion to bypass one or more of the ratchet teeth with the actuator being displaced to the ready state. The plunger is slidably displaceable relative to the body, and rotatable relative to the body to selectively engage and disengage ratchet teeth engaged with the indexer and the actuator.