Fuel Injector Sleeve Cap for Even Hydrogen Port Distribution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing engine systems operating on gaseous fuels like hydrogen face challenges with rapid flame speed and poor distribution of fuel to intake valve openings, leading to undesired combustion phenomena due to uneven mixing of gaseous fuel and air.
Innovation Solution
A port fuel injector assembly with a sleeve and fuel-directing cap is designed to inject gaseous fuel into intake ports, with the fuel injection opening oriented to oppose the intake air flow, ensuring even distribution to multiple intake valve openings through a specific exit angle and clocking angle, enhancing fuel-air mixing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If gaseous fuel is injected into the intake port, then the engine can operate on alternative fuels like hydrogen, but the rapid flame speed causes undesired combustion phenomena
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel injection opening is positioned and oriented to inject fuel upstream in the intake port, allowing the fuel to mix with incoming air before reaching the intake valves. This preliminary mixing action occurs during the intake stroke, preparing a homogeneous mixture that burns more predictably and reduces combustion instability when using high-flame-speed fuels like hydrogen
2Quantity of substance
If fuel is injected upstream in the intake port, then fuel distribution to multiple intake valves can be improved, but uneven mixing of gaseous fuel and air occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel-directing cap is positioned at a specific location upstream in the intake port and oriented at a specific angle relative to the intake air flow. This localized positioning creates a controlled injection zone where fuel is introduced into the high-velocity air stream, promoting rapid mixing and more uniform distribution to multiple intake valves while maintaining homogeneous fuel-air composition
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves even distribution of gaseous fuel to intake valve openings, improving combustion efficiency and reducing undesired combustion phenomena by optimizing fuel-air mixing.
Implementation Method 1
a fuel injector within the sleeve and having a fuel injection valve movable between a closed position, and an open position to inject a fuel into the intake port
Implementation Method 2
The sleeve defines a sleeve axis and includes a fuel-directing cap extending into the intake port and forming a fuel injection opening defining an outgoing fuel path axis extending in opposition to the incoming flow of intake air
Data Source
AI summary
An engine system includes an engine housing having an intake port to convey an incoming flow of intake air to a first intake valve opening and a second intake valve opening located downstream of the first intake valve opening. A port fuel injector assembly is supported in the engine housing and includes a fuel injector within a sleeve and an outwardly opening fuel injection valve. The sleeve includes a fuel-directing cap extending into the intake port and forming a fuel injection opening defining an outgoing fuel path axis oriented at a fuel exit angle, to improve distribution of a gaseous fuel such as a gaseous hydrogen fuel to the respective intake valve openings for mixing and combustion in an engine cylinder. Related apparatus of a port fuel injector assembly and methodology is also disclosed.