Gasification Injector Tip Cooling Channel Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing feed injectors in gasification systems face issues with thermal damage and auto-ignition due to exposure to high temperatures and particle impingement, leading to reduced lifespan and increased maintenance costs.

Innovation Solution

A feed injector tip with an annular cooling channel that circumscribes the tip portion, inhibiting auto-ignition by effectively cooling the material and reducing thermal strains, thereby enhancing durability and stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If cooling water is supplied from a closed-loop water system to cool the feed injectors, then thermal damage to the injectors is reduced, but the cooling effect is limited and the injectors may still be thermally damaged or ignite due to particle impingement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinjector operational reliabilityVSAvoidthermal damage and particle impingement
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into multiple independent cooling channels within the injector tip structure. Each channel provides cooling to specific zones, allowing targeted thermal management of different injector regions exposed to varying temperature and particle impingement conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling channels are nested within the injector tip structure itself. The channels are integrated into the tip geometry, with cooling passages positioned concentrically or adjacently to the fuel injection channels, enabling direct cooling of the critical tip region without adding external cooling components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Productivity

If the feed injector tip is exposed to high temperatures in the reactor vessel, then the gasification process can proceed, but the injector lifespan is shortened and effective operation is inhibited over time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegasification process efficiencyVSAvoidinjector lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

Cooling is applied preliminarily and continuously to the injector tip before thermal damage can occur. The cooling channels are positioned to deliver coolant to the tip region in advance of exposure to extreme temperatures and particle impingement, preventing thermal degradation before it compromises injector functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Cooling water acts as an intermediary substance between the hot reactor environment and the injector tip. The coolant absorbs thermal energy and removes it through the cooling channels, serving as a thermal buffer that protects the injector materials from direct exposure to damaging high temperatures

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The cooling channel design improves the operational reliability and longevity of feed injectors, reducing maintenance and capital costs associated with IGCC plants by preventing thermal damage and auto-ignition.

Implementation Method 1

cooling a tip portion of a feed injector... cooling fluid to channel through the cooling passage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

cooling channel that circumscribes the tip portion... channel through the cooling passage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 3

inhibiting auto-ignition by effectively cooling the material and reducing thermal strains

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal protection: Cooling

Data Source

PatentEP2500643B1Injector tip
Publication Date: 2016.07.27 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP2500643B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2500643B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2500643B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A feed injector tip for use with a gasification system is provided. The feed injector tip includes an inlet (402), a tip end (404), a flow passage (400) extending longitudinally through the feed injector tip from the inlet to the tip end, the flow passage defined by an outer wall (408) and an inner wall (410), an annular cooling channel (330) substantially circumscribing the flow passage and extending from the inlet to the tip end, and a buffer region (418) separating the annular cooling channel from the flow passage. The buffer region has a first width at the inlet, and a second width at the tip end, the first width being wider than the second width.