Ink Formulation for High-Speed Inkjet Nozzle Blockage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Ink-jet printing technologies face challenges such as nozzle blockage due to pigment settling, solvent evaporation, and foaming, particularly in high-speed industrial applications, where inks must be volatile, fast-drying, and non-foaming while maintaining image quality and durability.
Innovation Solution
A pigment ink formulation comprising self-dispersible pigments, styrene acrylic or styrene butadiene latex binders, glycols, 2-pyrrolidone, acetylenic surfactants, biocides, and viscosity modifiers, optimized to prevent nozzle blockage, minimize solvent evaporation, and control surface tension to avoid face-plate wetting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If pigment inks are used for high-speed industrial ink-jet printing, then productivity is improved, but nozzle blockage occurs due to pigment settling
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by incorporating specific surfactants and stabilizers into the ink formulation before printing begins. These additives pre-condition the pigment particles to remain suspended and prevent settling during high-speed circulation through the print head, thereby preventing nozzle blockage before it can occur.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses surfactants and dispersing agents as intermediary substances between the pigment particles and the ink vehicle. These intermediaries reduce surface tension and prevent pigment aggregation, allowing pigment particles to remain evenly distributed throughout the ink even during high-speed circulation, thus preventing nozzle blockage while maintaining productivity.
2Productivity
If volatile inks are used for fast drying, then productivity is improved, but solvent evaporation causes foaming and quality issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of rapid solvent evaporation into a benefit by carefully selecting volatile components that evaporate quickly to enable fast drying, while simultaneously incorporating foam-suppressing surfactants that transform the potential foaming harm into a controlled evaporation process. The surfactants reduce surface tension in a way that promotes smooth evaporation without foam formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by carefully controlling the volatility parameters of the ink components. The formulation uses specific ratios of volatile solvents with controlled evaporation rates, and adjusts surfactant concentrations to optimize surface tension parameters, achieving fast drying speeds while preventing foaming through precise parameter optimization.
3Ease of manufacture
If standard ink formulations are used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but image quality and durability are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials by combining multiple carefully selected components in a specific formulation: self-dispersible pigments, latex binders, multiple surfactants with different functions, and controlled volatile solvents. This composite approach achieves superior image quality and durability while maintaining ease of manufacture, as the components work synergistically to provide both performance and processability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by optimizing specific properties of different ink components for their particular functions. The formulation uses pigments with specific particle size distributions for image quality, binders with tailored adhesion properties for durability, and surfactants with specific HLB values for foaming control. Each component is locally optimized for its specific role while contributing to overall formulation simplicity.
4Productivity
If multiple nozzles are arranged at high density for high-speed printing, then productivity is improved, but face-plate wetting occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses surfactants as intermediary substances that modify the interaction between the ink and the print head face plate. These surfactants reduce the surface tension of the ink in a controlled manner, creating a protective intermediary layer that prevents direct wetting of the face plate while allowing the ink to be properly deposited through the high-density nozzle arrangement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by carefully controlling the surface tension parameter of the ink formulation. By adjusting surfactant concentrations and selecting specific surfactant types, the ink achieves optimal surface tension parameters that prevent face-plate wetting while maintaining proper flow characteristics for high-density nozzle operation and high-speed printing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The formulation ensures high-quality, durable prints with low foaming and fast drying, suitable for continuous industrial use, maintaining print-head performance and reducing energy consumption.
Implementation Method 1
The ink comprises from 0.5 to 5 parts of a self-dispersible pigment... Re-circulating ink-jet printing avoids these problems. Since the ink is constantly circulating it lessens the chance of the pigment settling
Implementation Method 2
self-dispersible pigment... (g) from 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide
Implementation Method 3
The wetting capability of a liquid is a function of its surface tension relative to the surface energy of the solid surface... from 0.1 to 3 parts of an acetylenic surfactant... not cause face-plate wetting in the print-head
Implementation Method 4
allow fast drying by being more volatile than standard ink-jet inks... solvent evaporation is minimised... fast drying, suitable for continuous industrial use
Implementation Method 5
from 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide... the ink may be kept in the cartridge for long periods when it can deteriorate and form precipitates
Data Source
AI summary
An ink comprising: (a) from 0.5 to 5 parts of a self-dispersible pigment; (b) from 1 to 10 parts of a styrene acrylic latex binder and/or styrene butadiene latex; (c) from 0 to 5 parts of a glycol selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or triethylene glycol; (d) from 1 to 10 parts of 2-pyrrolidone; (e) from 1 to 15 parts of glycerol; (f) from 0.1 to 3 parts of an acetylenic surfactant; (g) from 0.001 to 5 parts of biocide; (h) from 0 to 10 parts of a viscosity modifier; and (i) the balance to 100 parts water. Also an ink-jet printing process, a printed substrate, an ink-jet printer ink container and an ink-jet printer with a re-circulating printer head.