Solvent-Free Inkjet Floor Covering Bonding Layer

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

The existing methods for manufacturing floor coverings using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) face challenges with high manufacturing costs due to the need for multiple bulky and expensive engraved metal cylinders for rotogravure printing, and solvent-based inkjet printing poses environmental pollution risks and compatibility issues leading to delamination.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a multilayer structure with a decorative printing layer created using solvent-free liquid pigment ink via inkjet printing, followed by energy-induced solidification and application of a chemically compatible bonding layer to prevent delamination, reducing manufacturing costs and environmental impact.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If rotogravure printing with multiple engraved metal cylinders is used, then manufacturing precision and durability are improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting qualityVSAvoidnumber of metal cylinders
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces physical metal cylinders with digital pattern files that can be stored and reproduced indefinitely. The inkjet printing system uses digital images to guide the deposition of pigment ink, eliminating the need for physical copying masters (metal cylinders) while maintaining pattern fidelity through digital reproduction

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent substitutes the mechanical rotogravure printing system with an inkjet printing system that uses digitally controlled droplet ejection. This replaces the mechanical engraving and rolling process with a non-contact, digitally guided liquid deposition process, eliminating bulky metal cylinders entirely

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of manufacture

If solvent-based inkjet printing is used, then ease of manufacture is improved, but environmental harm and chemical compatibility issues worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting process flexibilityVSAvoidVOC emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent fundamentally changes the chemical parameter of the ink composition by eliminating organic solvents entirely. It uses water as the sole carrier for pigment particles, transforming the ink from an organic-based formulation to an aqueous-based formulation, thereby eliminating VOC emissions while maintaining printability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a disposable, environmentally benign carrier (water) that evaporates completely after depositing the pigment. Unlike persistent organic solvents, water is non-toxic, rapidly evaporates without harmful residues, and can be replaced indefinitely without environmental accumulation concerns

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Object-generated harmful factors

If solvent-free pigment ink is used, then environmental harm is reduced, but adhesion strength deteriorates due to chemical incompatibility

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveVOC emissionsVSAvoidlayer adhesion
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a primer layer as an intermediary substance between the pigment ink and the wear layer. This primer acts as a chemical bridge that bonds to both the inorganic pigment particles and the organic polymer matrix of the wear layer, enabling adhesion without requiring direct chemical compatibility between the ink and substrate

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite bonding interface consisting of multiple components: the primer layer contains adhesion promoters, coupling agents, and compatible polymers that combine properties to bond with both the aqueous pigment ink and the PVC-based wear layer, forming a multi-phase composite structure for enhanced adhesion

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Productivity

If quick-drying volatile solvents are used, then productivity is improved, but environmental harm increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrying speedVSAvoidenvironmental pollution
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical parameter of the carrier liquid from volatile organic compounds to water, which has different evaporation characteristics. Water evaporates quickly at room temperature through natural convection and diffusion, providing sufficient drying speed for floor covering production without the environmental harm of VOCs

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the typically harmful property of rapid evaporation (which causes VOC emissions) into a beneficial process by using water as the carrier. The rapid evaporation of water provides quick drying without environmental harm, turning what is usually a problematic characteristic into an advantage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for cost-effective and flexible pattern changes while ensuring environmental sustainability and long-term adhesion of the layers, avoiding delamination and VOC emissions.

Implementation Method 1

supplying energy to change the state of the decorative printing layer from a liquid to a solid state

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change from liquid to solid: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP3263334B1Floor covering comprising an ink-jet printed finish and method for producing such a covering
Publication Date: 2019.02.20 GERFLOR
  • EP3263334B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1F
  • EP3263334B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2F
  • EP3263334B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3D

AI summary

The present invention relates to a flexible floor covering comprising a multilayer structure including at least one wear layer (1), a decorative printing layer (2) and a support layer (3), notable in that it includes at least one bonding layer (4) linked to the decorative printing layer (2) consisting of a solvent-free pigment ink layer deposited by an inkjet printer and linked to the underside of the wear layer (1) or to the upper side of the support layer (3).