Inkjet Nozzle Drive Bubble Detection via Impedance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Inkjet printers face challenges in accurately detecting and calibrating the formation and collapse of drive bubbles, which are crucial for the health and performance of inkjet nozzles, due to factors like blockages, thermal barriers, and stray bubbles, affecting droplet release and overall printing quality.

Innovation Solution

A method involving impedance measurements using sensors within the print head to detect the presence and collapse of drive bubbles, allowing for the determination of drive bubble formation and collapse times, which can be used to calibrate and diagnose the health of inkjet nozzles.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If impedance measurements are taken to detect drive bubble formation and collapse, then the measurement precision of nozzle health is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional sensors and measurement circuitry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrive bubble detection accuracyVSAvoidsensor and circuitry complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The impedance measurement system serves multiple functions: detecting drive bubble formation, monitoring bubble collapse, assessing nozzle health, and calibrating droplet release timing. This multi-functionality justifies the added device complexity by providing comprehensive nozzle monitoring and diagnostic capabilities in a single integrated system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If multiple impedance measurements are taken to determine bubble formation and collapse times, then the reliability of nozzle health assessment is improved, but the loss of time increases due to multiple measurement cycles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle health assessment reliabilityVSAvoidmeasurement time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs impedance measurements continuously during the drive bubble lifecycle, from formation through collapse. This continuous monitoring approach ensures reliable detection of bubble dynamics without requiring multiple separate measurement cycles, thereby maintaining assessment reliability while minimizing time loss.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Solution Approach 2:

The system is pre-configured with sensors and measurement circuitry in place before operation begins. This preliminary setup allows impedance measurements to be taken immediately during each printing operation, eliminating the need for separate calibration phases and reducing overall measurement time while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Measurement precision

If impedance sensors are positioned within the ink chamber, then the detection precision of drive bubble dynamics is improved, but the difficulty of detecting and measuring increases due to the challenging measurement environment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedrive bubble dynamics detectionVSAvoidmeasurement environment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The impedance sensor acts as an intermediary element that indirectly detects drive bubble formation and collapse by measuring changes in electrical impedance caused by the bubble's presence and collapse. This intermediary measurement approach simplifies the detection process compared to direct optical or mechanical sensing methods that would be difficult to implement in the confined ink chamber environment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enables accurate detection and calibration of drive bubble dynamics, improving the reliability and quality of ink droplet release, thereby enhancing the overall performance and health assessment of inkjet nozzles.

Implementation Method 1

measuring changes in impedance across the nozzle as fluid passes through it

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectImpedance measurement: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

the resistive heater evaporates the water. The evaporated ink component or components expand to form a gaseous drive bubble within the ink chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

Some print heads use a resistive heater positioned within the chamber to evaporate a small amount of at least one component of the liquid ink

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 4

Prior to a droplet release, the ink in the ink chamber is restrained from exiting the nozzle due to capillary forces and/or back-pressure acting on the ink within the nozzle passage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Data Source

PatentEP2814669B1Detecting a drive bubble formation and collapse
Publication Date: 2020.10.21 HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LP
  • EP2814669B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2814669B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2814669B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Measuring an inkjet nozzle may include taking (802) at least one impedance measurement after the firing command is sent to detect the presence of a drive bubble and taking (803) another impedance measurement to detect a collapse of the drive bubble.