In-line Extending Wings for Borehole Drilling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional borehole drilling apparatuses face challenges in high-load drilling efficiency due to damage at connection points, sludge accumulation hindering wing retraction, and frequent pin damage, leading to increased maintenance and repair costs.
Innovation Solution
A borehole drilling apparatus with in-line extending wings and a pilot bit, utilizing a guide device with spiral projections and a window for linear advancement and retraction, facilitated by high-pressure air, to prevent sludge accumulation and enhance wing movement efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If the extending blade is extended with angular movement to the longitudinal direction, then the borehole diameter can be extended, but the fixing pin is apt to be damaged easily and it cannot be used under high load
Solution Approach 1:
The extending wings are designed to move dynamically between retracted and extended positions. During drilling, the wings extend radially outward to enlarge the borehole diameter. After drilling, the wings retract to allow the apparatus to be pulled back through the casing. This dynamic positioning resolves the contradiction by enabling diameter extension when needed while protecting the fixing pins during retraction through proper sequencing and force distribution.
Solution Approach 2:
The drilling apparatus is segmented into modular components including the guide device, pilot bit, and multiple extending wings. Each wing is independently supported and can be extended or retracted separately. This segmentation allows the fixing pins to be distributed across multiple support points rather than concentrated at single connection points, reducing stress and damage risk on individual pins while still achieving the required borehole diameter extension.
2Force
If the arms are forced to rotate and spread by the driver, then high load drilling can be performed, but the contact portion between arms and pilot bit is susceptible to serious abrasion and securing pin is damaged frequently
Solution Approach 1:
The guide device serves as an intermediary mechanism between the driver and the extending wings. Instead of the driver directly forcing the arms to rotate and spread, the guide device mediates this action through its spiral groove structure. The spiral groove converts rotational motion into controlled radial extension, distributing the mechanical stress across a larger contact area and reducing abrasion at the arm-pilot bit contact portions while maintaining high load drilling capability.
3Ease of operation
If the arms return to original positions after drilling, then the drilling apparatus can be retracted, but sludge is liable to be jammed in the space where arms return thereby hindering retraction
Solution Approach 1:
The extending wings are designed to retract to predetermined positions within the guide device before the main apparatus is pulled back through the casing. This preliminary retraction action clears the extending wings from the borehole periphery where sludge would accumulate, preventing jamming during the subsequent retraction of the main apparatus. The spiral groove structure also facilitates smooth retraction by guiding the wings back to their starting positions where sludge accumulation is minimized.
4Device complexity
If the reamer rotates eccentrically to extend borehole diameter, then the structure is simple, but rapid drilling work cannot be carried out and connection portion is liable to be damaged easily under high load
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of continuous eccentric rotation, the extending wings are designed to extend dynamically to predetermined positions during the drilling process. This dynamic extension approach maintains relatively simple structure while enabling rapid drilling by avoiding the continuous rotational motion required by eccentric reamers. The wings can be extended and retracted in sync with the drilling advance, maintaining high drilling speed without the mechanical complexity and connection point damage risks of eccentric rotation mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-speed, high-load drilling with reduced maintenance and repair costs by ensuring smooth wing operation and sludge discharge, improving overall drilling efficiency and reducing equipment loss due to jamming.
Implementation Method 1
a guide device operated by high pressure air, extending wings and a pilot bit
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a borehole drilling apparatus with in-line extending wings and driving method thereof. The drilling apparatus comprises a guide device rotating while moving upwardly and downwardly in a casing to fit into a borehole, extending wings for extending the diameter of a drilled hole, and a pilot bit installed at a lower portion of the guide device to strike the bottom of the borehole, wherein spiral projections formed at a lower surface of the guide device slidably engage with guide grooves formed at a side of the extending wings to each other, and a window is formed at a side of the pilot bit for advancing and retracting the extending wings so that they can spread and return linearly from the center of the pilot bit.