Insulated Gate Drive Circuit with Two-Stage Turn-On Voltage

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for controlling insulated gate components are sensitive to disturbances, particularly those that can cause unexpected switching from the blocking state to the on state, and face challenges in balancing low conduction losses with robustness against short-circuit currents, especially in high-power applications like SiC MOSFET transistors.

Innovation Solution

A method involving two successive steps to switch the power component into the on state, initiating with a lower voltage to enhance robustness during potential short-circuits and then applying a higher voltage for reduced conduction losses, and switching to the blocking state by applying a negative voltage to secure against disturbances.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If a single high voltage is applied to switch the power component into the on state, then conduction losses are reduced, but robustness against short-circuit currents deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconduction lossesVSAvoidrobustness against short-circuit currents
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the voltage application process into two distinct phases: a first phase applying a lower first voltage level to establish robustness against short-circuit currents, and a second phase applying a higher second voltage level to reduce conduction losses. This temporal segmentation allows the system to optimize for reliability during the initial switching phase and then optimize for efficiency during the steady-state conduction phase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies the lower first voltage level as a preliminary action before applying the higher second voltage level. This preliminary voltage application ensures that the power component is initially protected against short-circuit currents, and only after this protective phase is complete does the system transition to the higher voltage level that minimizes conduction losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Speed

If a single high voltage is applied to switch the power component into the on state, then switching speed is improved, but sensitivity to disturbances worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching speedVSAvoidsensitivity to disturbances
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the voltage application into segmented stages: initially applying a lower first voltage level that provides disturbance immunity, then transitioning to a higher second voltage level that ensures complete turn-on. This segmentation prevents premature switching due to disturbances while maintaining overall switching speed performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The lower first voltage level serves as a preliminary action that prepares the power component for switching while providing a safety margin against disturbances. This preliminary phase ensures that noise or transient disturbances cannot cause false triggering, and only after successful completion of this phase does the higher voltage level apply to achieve full conduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach maintains low conduction losses while increasing short-circuit robustness and securing the power component against disturbances, particularly beneficial for fast-switching high-power applications like SiC MOSFET transistors.

Implementation Method 1

the voltage VGE between emitter 26 and grid 22 is equal to the first voltage VD

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectric Field Effect: Electric Field

Data Source

PatentEP3664293B1Method for driving an insulated gate component and corresponding driving circuit
Publication Date: 2021.03.24 ALSTOM TRANSPORT TECH SAS
  • EP3664293B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1C
  • EP3664293B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3664293B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3C

AI summary

This method comprises the steps of: initiating the conducting state of the power component by applying, for a duration specified by the initiation, a first positive voltage (VD) exceeding a conduction threshold of the power component; then maintaining the conducting state of the power component by applying a second positive voltage (VC) exceeding the first voltage. The method further involves establishing the blocking state of the power component by applying a third, strictly negative voltage (VOFF).