Intake Valve Actuator Using Concentric Magnets and Hall Sensors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing actuator systems for controlling intake valve opening and closing in vehicle engines are costly due to expensive components like rotary magnets and sensors, which also compromise control precision when less expensive alternatives are used.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus with a magnet unit featuring concentrically arranged magnets and hall sensors to detect polarity changes, allowing for precise control of the intake valve's opening and closing based on engine operating conditions, using price-competitive rubber magnets and strategically placed hall sensors to optimize intake inflow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If expensive components like rotary magnets and sensors are used, then control precision is improved, but production cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The magnet unit is divided into multiple magnets (first magnet with first pole and second pole, second magnet with third pole and fourth pole) arranged on concentric circles. This segmentation allows each magnet to contribute to the overall magnetic field pattern, enabling precise position detection through the combined effect of multiple simpler magnetic elements rather than requiring a single complex expensive sensor system
Solution Approach 2:
A hall sensor is introduced as an intermediary component to detect the magnetic field changes generated by the concentric magnet arrangement. The hall sensor converts magnetic field variations into electrical signals that indicate the rotational position of the output shaft, providing precise measurement without requiring direct mechanical contact or expensive rotary encoders
2Ease of manufacture
If less expensive alternatives like hall elements are used, then production cost is reduced, but control precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The magnetic field parameters are carefully designed by arranging magnets with specific pole configurations (first and second poles on the first magnet, third and fourth poles on the second magnet) on concentric circles. This parameter optimization allows the inexpensive hall sensor to detect sufficient magnetic field variations to achieve precise rotational position measurement, compensating for the lower inherent precision of the sensor through clever magnetic field design
Solution Approach 2:
The system combines magnetic materials (multiple magnets with different pole arrangements) with a semiconductor sensor (hall sensor) to create a composite sensing system. This combination leverages the advantages of both components: the magnets generate a rich magnetic field pattern while the hall sensor provides cost-effective detection, achieving high precision at low cost through material and component integration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution reduces production costs while enhancing control precision and optimizing intake inflow by using a magnet unit with concentric magnets and hall sensors to accurately detect and control the intake valve's operation, improving the overall efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the actuator system.
Implementation Method 1
a first hall sensor is installed in a rotational section of the first magnet to sense a change in polarity of the first magnet with rotation of the magnet unit
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is an apparatus for controlling an actuator that controls opening and closing of an intake valve. The apparatus includes an input shaft connected to a motor and an output shaft rotatable in conjunction with the input shaft, a magnet unit including a first magnet and a second magnet provided on concentric circles, the first magnet provided such that different poles are alternately arranged at an angle of 90° and the second magnet provided such that different poles are alternately arranged at a predetermined angle, and a control unit, wherein a change in polarities of the first and second magnets are sensed.