Integer Sequence Encoding With Fractional Bits Per Sample
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing techniques for encoding sample sequences, such as those in audio or acoustic signals, face reduced compression efficiency at low bit rates due to the assignment of bits per sample, leading to increased distortion in decoded sequences.
Innovation Solution
An encoder selects and converts a subset of integer values from input sequences, using reversible conversion to encode these values, allowing for the assignment of fractional bits per sample, thereby improving compression efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If only the number of bits of an integer value of one or more can be assigned per sample of a frequency spectrum, then compression is achieved, but compression efficiency is reduced under low bit rate conditions and distortion increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the fundamental parameter of bit assignment from integer values to decimal fraction values. By allowing fractional bits per sample (e.g., 0.5 bits, 1.25 bits), the system can more precisely match the actual information content of each sample, thereby improving compression efficiency without increasing distortion, especially under low bit rate conditions where every fraction of a bit matters.
2Productivity
If a short code is assigned to a given integer value, then compression performance is improved, but long codes must be assigned to other integer values which complicates the code configuration
Solution Approach 1:
The invention introduces dynamic code length adjustment by using decimal fraction bits per sample. Instead of fixed integer code lengths, the system can dynamically assign code lengths based on the actual probability distribution of samples and the available bit rate. This allows the encoder to optimize compression performance by assigning shorter codes to more frequent samples and longer codes to less frequent samples, while the fractional bit allocation provides fine-grained control to balance compression and complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention aims to encode and decode a sequence of integer values by substantially assigning the number of bits of a decimal fraction value per sample. An integer converter 11 selects M selected integer values from L input integer values for a set of the L input integer values and obtains J-value selection information that specifies which of the L input integer values the M selected integer values are. Furthermore, the integer converter 11 obtains one converted integer value by reversibly converting the M selected integer value and an integer value corresponding to the J-value selection information. An integer encoder 12 encodes the converted integer value to obtain a code.