Integer Sequence Encoding with Split Difference and Direct Coding

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing encoding and decoding methods for sequences of integer values require significant bitstream bandwidth due to lengthy codes, and are inefficient when a large number of different values occur in the sequence.

Innovation Solution

An encoding and decoding apparatus/method that separates the sequence into two portions, encoding a predetermined integer value and then encoding differences between neighboring values, using exponential Golomb codes and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding to optimize bitstream efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional encoding methods are used for sequences of integer values, then the encoding process is simple, but the bitstream bandwidth requirement is large due to lengthy codes

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveencoding process simplicityVSAvoidbitstream bandwidth

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The sequence of integer values is divided into two portions: a first portion containing integer values up to and including the predetermined position, and a second portion containing remaining integer values. This segmentation allows different encoding strategies to be applied to each portion, optimizing the overall bitstream efficiency while maintaining manageable encoding complexity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The encoding approach changes parameters differently for the two portions: the first portion uses differential encoding where each value is encoded as the difference from the previous value, while the second portion uses direct encoding of the integer values themselves. This parameter change strategy reduces the average code length and bitstream bandwidth requirement.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Device complexity

If conventional encoding methods are used, then encoding is straightforward, but coding efficiency is poor when many different values occur in the sequence

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveencoding straightforwardnessVSAvoidcoding efficiency

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

By segmenting the sequence at a predetermined position, the invention applies the most appropriate encoding method to each segment. The first segment benefits from differential encoding when values change gradually, while the second segment uses direct encoding when values are more varied, thereby improving overall coding efficiency without significantly increasing encoding complexity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different encoding qualities and methods are applied to different portions of the sequence based on local characteristics. The first portion uses differential encoding which is efficient when consecutive values are similar, while the second portion uses direct encoding which handles larger value variations more efficiently, optimizing coding efficiency for each local region.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

3Adaptability or versatility

If differential encoding is applied to all positions, then the encoding method is uniform, but bitstream bandwidth is increased due to code length

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveencoding method uniformityVSAvoidbitstream bandwidth

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The uniform differential encoding approach is replaced by segmented encoding where the first portion uses differential encoding and the second portion uses direct encoding. This segmentation allows the system to adapt to local characteristics of the integer sequence, reducing the average code length and bitstream bandwidth while maintaining reasonable encoding complexity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying differential encoding uniformly to all positions as the conventional approach, the invention inverts the strategy by applying direct encoding to the second portion and differential encoding only to the first portion. This inversion optimizes the bitstream bandwidth by matching the encoding method to the actual data characteristics in each portion.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Data Source

PatentUS20250385689A1Apparatuses for encoding and decoding a sequence of integer values, methods for encoding and decoding a sequence of integer values and computer program for implementing these methods

Publication Date: 2025.12.18 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV

AI summary

The invention describes an encoding scheme for encoding a sequence of integer values, particularly by first using encoding a value at a predetermined position and then consecutively calculating and encoding differences between neighboring values. A respective decoding scheme is also provided. These encoding and decoding schemes provide a more efficient encoding concept.