Integrated Biological Sample Analytical Instrument
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current array tape platforms for SNP detection require multiple instruments, lengthy thermocycling processes, and lack controlled temperature management, leading to inefficient sample processing and amplification.
Innovation Solution
An integrated analytical instrument that performs inline sample processing, including sample and reagent dispensing, sealing, thermal management, and detection, using a thermoelectric system to maintain precise temperature control and eliminate the need for separate instruments and lengthy thermocycling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple separate instruments are used for sample processing, then each instrument can be optimized for its specific function, but the overall processing time increases and manual transfer between instruments is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple separate instruments (dispensing system, sealing system, thermal cycler, centrifuge, detection system) into a single integrated analytical instrument. The array tape transducer serves as a common platform that moves through different processing zones within the same instrument, eliminating manual transfer between separate devices while maintaining functional optimization through specialized zones.
Solution Approach 2:
The analytical instrument is designed with multi-functionality, where a single instrument performs dispensing, sealing, thermal cycling, centrifugation, and detection functions. The array tape transducer can be processed through different functional zones sequentially, allowing one instrument to replace multiple specialized instruments.
2Reliability
If traditional PCR thermocycling is used in separate water bath instruments, then the amplification process can be performed, but the process takes an hour or longer
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous thermal cycling through the array tape transducer moving continuously through heated and cooled zones. Instead of batch processing with loading/unloading cycles, the system maintains continuous thermal action on the samples as the transducer progresses through the thermal cycler zones, reducing total processing time while maintaining amplification effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical thermocycling (batch heating and cooling in water baths) with a continuous flow thermal cycling system. The array tape transducer moves continuously through temperature zones, substituting the traditional stop-start mechanical thermocycling approach with a continuous thermal gradient system.
3Measurement precision
If centrifugation is performed to draw samples to the bottom of array tape wells, then sample concentration is improved, but the process adds longer than an hour to the overall process time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the centrifugation function with the thermal cycler by integrating a centrifugal mechanism within the thermal cycling system. The array tape transducer undergoes centrifugal force application during its movement through the thermal cycler, simultaneously achieving sample concentration and thermal processing in a single integrated operation rather than as separate steps.
4Ease of operation
If array tape is processed at ambient conditions prior to amplification, then no special temperature control is needed, but temperature control is required for optimal reaction performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary cooling to the array tape transducer after sealing and before the samples enter the thermal amplification zone. This preliminary temperature control action prepares the samples for optimal reaction performance by establishing appropriate initial temperatures, ensuring that when amplification begins, the samples are at the correct temperature for enzyme activity and reaction efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid, efficient processing of biological samples with precise temperature control, reducing processing time and improving throughput by integrating all steps within a single instrument, including sample dispensing, sealing, amplification, and detection.
Implementation Method 1
thermal management of an array tape path and chemistry performed in the array tape
Implementation Method 2
cooling the array tape
Data Source
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AI summary
A method for processing a biological material sample includes dispensing a sample into wells of an array tape from a sample plate, dispensing a reagent into the wells of the array tape from a reagent plate, and sealing the sample and the reagent in the array tape. The method further includes cooling the array tape and detecting biological material in the wells of the array tape.