Integrated Cabin Air Compressor With Multi-Source Turbine Drive

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Solution Overview

Problem

Contemporary air conditioning systems in vehicles face challenges in achieving high efficiency and reducing reliance on bleed air while maintaining effective thermal management of cabin environments.

Innovation Solution

A pressurization system utilizing a cabin air compressing device with a shaft, compressor, and turbines that harness energy from multiple medium sources, including fresh air, bleed air, and cabin discharge air, to drive the compressor, enhancing efficiency and reducing reliance on electrical power.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If electrical power is used to compress outside air, then system efficiency is improved, but device complexity and power consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem efficiencyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines a turbine and compressor into a single integrated unit where the turbine is directly coupled to the compressor shaft. The turbine extracts energy from bleed air to drive the compressor, eliminating the need for separate electric motors and power transmission systems. This merging reduces device complexity while maintaining high efficiency through direct mechanical coupling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The integrated turbine-compressor system uses waste bleed air from the engine to drive the compressor. The turbine extracts energy from the bleed air that would otherwise be wasted, converting it into mechanical work to compress outside air. This self-service approach improves system efficiency by utilizing available energy resources without requiring additional external power input.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Use of energy by moving object

If bleed air is eliminated and electrical power is used to compress outside air, then system efficiency is improved, but reliance on electrical power increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem efficiencyVSAvoidelectrical power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses waste bleed air from the engine to drive the turbine-compressor unit. The bleed air contains unused energy that is harnessed by the turbine to compress outside air, eliminating the need for external electrical power while maintaining high system efficiency. The system serves itself by utilizing its own waste energy resources.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Use of energy by moving object

If multiple medium sources are used to drive the turbine, then energy extraction efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy extraction efficiencyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates multiple medium sources (bleed air and cabin discharge air) into a single turbine inlet system. The turbine is designed to handle mixed flows from different sources simultaneously, extracting energy from the combined stream. This merging approach improves energy extraction efficiency by utilizing all available energy sources through a single integrated component rather than requiring separate turbines for each medium source.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves efficient cabin pressurization and thermal management by utilizing energy from diverse air sources, optimizing energy use and reducing system complexity.

Implementation Method 1

extracting energy from at least one of a second medium provided from a second medium source and a third medium provided from a third medium source within at least one turbine. The energy extracted from the at least one of the second medium and the third medium is used to drive the compressor.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTurbine energy extraction: Turbine

Implementation Method 2

compressing a first medium provided from a first medium source within a compressor to create a compressed first medium that is output at a compressor outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas compression: Compression

Data Source

PatentEP4600154A1Integrated pneumatic and electric cabin air compressor
Publication Date: 2025.08.13 HAMILTON SUNDSTRAND CORP
  • EP4600154A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4600154A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4600154A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A pressurization system for a vehicle includes a plurality of medium sources including a first medium source (44), a second medium source (48), and a third medium source (50). A cabin air compressing device (26) is arranged in fluid communication with the plurality of medium sources. The cabin air compressing device includes a shaft (34), a compressor (30) connected to the shaft and at least one turbine (36) connected to the shaft. The compressor has a compressor inlet fluidly coupled to the first medium source and a compressor outlet fluidly connected to an inlet of a downstream environmental control system pack. Energy extracted within the at least one turbine is configured to drive the compressor.