Integrated Window Controller for Electrochromic IGU
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electrochromic windows face challenges with complex wiring and installation requirements, limiting their widespread adoption due to the need for hard wiring and remote controllers, which increases costs and installation complexities.
Innovation Solution
The development of localized controllers integrated into the window assembly, allowing for wireless communication and power generation, and the creation of self-meshing networks for electrochromic windows, enabling easy installation and operation by eliminating the need for complex wiring and remote controllers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If conventional remote controllers with hard wiring are used for EC windows, then control functionality is achieved, but installation complexity and wiring requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The controller is merged with the window assembly itself, integrating the control electronics directly into the window frame or glass structure. This eliminates the need for separate remote controllers and complex external wiring, as the control functionality is now embedded within the window unit, simplifying both installation and operation.
Solution Approach 2:
A wireless communication intermediary (such as RF or infrared transceiver) is introduced between the user and the EC window, replacing the need for physical wiring. This intermediary enables control functionality through wireless signals, significantly reducing installation complexity while maintaining ease of operation.
2Device complexity
If localized controllers are integrated into the window assembly, then installation complexity is reduced, but controller accessibility for maintenance becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The controller is segmented into modular components that can be independently accessed, replaced, or maintained. The controller board is designed as a separate module within the window assembly, allowing technicians to access it through designated service panels or removable sections without disassembling the entire window structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Service panels or access points are pre-configured in the window assembly design, allowing future maintenance and repair activities to be performed easily. These preliminary design considerations ensure that while the controller is integrated to simplify installation, it remains accessible for routine maintenance and troubleshooting.
3Device complexity
If wireless communication is implemented for EC windows, then wiring requirements are eliminated, but power delivery to the window becomes more challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The EC window assembly incorporates integrated power management circuits and energy harvesting capabilities (such as photovoltaic elements or energy recovery systems) that enable the window to generate or manage its own power requirements. This self-service approach reduces reliance on complex external power delivery infrastructure while supporting wireless communication functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The power delivery system utilizes parameter changes in the electrical characteristics (voltage, current, frequency) to optimize power transmission efficiency over wireless or minimally invasive connections. By dynamically adjusting these parameters, the system overcomes the challenges of power delivery without requiring extensive wiring infrastructure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution simplifies the installation and operation of electrochromic windows by integrating controllers within the window assembly, enabling wireless communication and power generation, thus reducing installation complexities and costs while enhancing their energy-saving capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
Electrochromism is a phenomenon in which a material exhibits a reversible electrochemically-mediated change in an optical property when placed in a different electronic state, typically by being subjected to a voltage change.
Implementation Method 2
The window assembly may include a photovoltaic cell positioned adjacent to the electrochromic device and electrically connected to the window controller and the electrochromic device.
Data Source
AI summary
Onboard EC window controllers are described. The controllers are configured in close proximity to the EC window, for example, within the IGU. The controller may be part of a window assembly, which includes an IGU having one or more EC panes, and thus does not have to be matched with the EC window, and installed, in the field. The window controllers described herein have a number of advantages because they are matched to the IGU containing one or more EC devices and their proximity to the EC panes of the window overcomes a number of problems associated with conventional controller configurations. Also described are self-meshing networks for electrochromic windows.