Intelligent Backhaul Radios for Obstructed Line-of-Sight
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current backhaul technologies, such as copper wireline and traditional microwave radios, struggle to maintain high data rates and low latency in obstructed line-of-sight conditions, especially for emerging requirements of 100 Mb/s or higher, 300 m or longer ranges, and urban environments with obstructions like tall buildings and trees.
Innovation Solution
The development of intelligent backhaul radios with multiple directive gain antennas and advanced antenna arrays that can operate in obstructed line-of-sight environments, utilizing spatial multiplexing and adaptive interference cancellation techniques to maintain performance across multiple links.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If copper wireline backhaul technologies are used, then deployment is simpler and cost is lower, but data rates cannot satisfy requirements of 100 Mb/s or more at ranges of 300 m or more
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces copper wireline backhaul with wireless radio backhaul technology, substituting a mechanical/electrical transmission system with an electromagnetic wave-based system. This enables achievement of 100 Mb/s or higher data rates at ranges of 300 m or more without the physical limitations of copper wiring, while maintaining relative deployment simplicity through wireless infrastructure.
2Productivity
If optical fiber is installed to every new location, then data rates and latency requirements are satisfied, but initial expense and time delay increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs wireless radio backhaul as a temporary or intermediate solution that is less expensive and faster to deploy than optical fiber, while still meeting performance requirements. This allows rapid deployment to new locations without the high initial expense and time delay of fiber installation, effectively using a lower-cost alternative that satisfies current needs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the transmission medium from physical fiber optic cables to wireless radio waves, fundamentally altering the parameter of transmission medium. This enables backhaul connectivity with dramatically reduced deployment time and cost while maintaining data rates of 100 Mb/s or more and latency of 5 ms or less through optimized wireless communication parameters.
3Productivity
If microwave radios are mounted on high towers to achieve unobstructed line of sight, then data rates and range are improved, but device complexity and installation cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs adaptive beamforming and dynamic antenna element selection to create electronically steerable beams that adapt to environmental conditions and obstructions. This dynamic capability allows the system to maintain optimal performance without requiring fixed high tower installations, as the beam directions and antenna configurations can be adjusted in real-time to navigate around obstacles.
Solution Approach 2:
The intelligent backhaul radio system integrates multiple functions including directional beamforming, interference cancellation, and adaptive modulation within a single platform. This multi-functionality allows the system to operate effectively in both line-of-sight and obstructed environments without requiring separate specialized equipment for each scenario, reducing overall system complexity.
4Productivity
If traditional microwave radios with high gain antennas are used, then data rates and range are improved, but susceptibility to multipath interference and co-channel interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs adaptive interference cancellation techniques that detect multipath and co-channel interference signals and actively subtract them from the received signal. This converts the harmful interference into a detectable pattern that can be mathematically removed, effectively transforming the harmful effect into a manageable parameter that enhances rather than degrades performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements real-time feedback mechanisms that monitor received signal quality and dynamically adjust beamforming weights, modulation schemes, and power levels to minimize interference effects. This closed-loop control continuously adapts to changing interference conditions, maintaining optimal performance even in environments with significant multipath and co-channel interference.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These intelligent backhaul radios achieve efficient data transmission with high data rates and low latency in obstructed environments, enabling reliable wireless backhaul connections for cellular and WLAN networks, even in urban settings with significant obstructions.
Implementation Method 1
microwave radios 132 for backhaul have been mounted on high towers 112 (or high rooftops of multi-story buildings) as shown in FIG. 1, such that each microwave radio 132 has an unobstructed line of sight (LOS) 136 to the other
Implementation Method 2
utilizing spatial multiplexing and adaptive interference cancellation techniques to maintain performance across multiple links
Implementation Method 3
High gain antennas mitigate the effects of unwanted multipath self-interference or unwanted co-channel interference from other radio systems
Data Source
AI summary
“Tiered” groups of devices (tiered service radios) and/or licenses associated with the devices or users so as to provide a hieratical set of interference protection mechanisms for members of each tier of service are disclosed. Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint data links for any communication application, including wireless backhaul applications, are also disclosed. Exemplary systems, devices, and methods disclosed herein allow for the efficient operation of such a tiered service. Interference protection among tiered service devices belonging to one or more tiers of the service, from other devices within the same tier of service, or devices of other tiers of service, is disclosed. Identification of other devices of the same or differing tiers of service, and interference mitigation between other tiered service devices based upon intercommunication between the devices, and/or via a central registry database, are also disclosed.