Intelligent Battery Cell Switching for Pack Failure Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery systems lack efficient and reliable monitoring and control mechanisms for individual cells, leading to potential damage to the entire battery pack when one cell fails, and there is a need for improved energy density and service life management.
Innovation Solution
Intelligent cells with internal switch circuits and local controllers for real-time monitoring and control, along with a battery module and pack structure that includes main and master controllers for centralized management, enabling precise control and communication among cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If energy density is increased to extend vehicle range, then the amount of electrical energy stored in the battery is increased, but the risk of cell failure and damage to the entire battery pack increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is segmented into multiple independent intelligent cells, each with its own protection circuit and control unit. This segmentation isolates failures to individual cells rather than affecting the entire battery pack, resolving the contradiction between increasing energy storage capacity and maintaining system reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
An intermediary control system is introduced between the cells and the battery pack management. This intermediary monitors cell states in real-time and implements protection measures, allowing the system to safely operate at higher energy densities while preventing catastrophic failures.
2Reliability
If individual cell monitoring and control is implemented, then cell failure prevention and service life improvement are achieved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The monitoring and control functionality is nested directly within each cell structure. Each intelligent cell contains its own control unit and protection circuit integrated into the cell assembly, eliminating the need for complex external monitoring systems while achieving reliable individual cell management.
Solution Approach 2:
Each intelligent cell is equipped with self-diagnosis and self-protection capabilities. The cell autonomously monitors its own state parameters and implements protection measures when abnormalities are detected, reducing the burden on external control systems and simplifying the overall device complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
There are provided an intelligent cell, a battery module (100) containing the intelligent cell, and a battery pack (600) containing the battery module (100). The intelligent cell contains a cell unit (110), an internal switch circuit (120) and a local controller (130), wherein the internal switch circuit (120) is coupled to a positive electrode or a negative electrode of the cell unit (110). The local controller (130) comprises an internal detection unit (131), a communication unit (132) and a processing unit (133), wherein the internal detection unit (131) is configured to detect a state parameter of the cell unit (110), and the state parameter comprises at least one of an input voltage, an output voltage, and a temperature. The communication unit (132) is configured to establish a communication connection with a device external to the intelligent cell, and the processing unit (133) is coupled to the internal switch circuit (120), the internal detection unit (131) and the communication unit (132), and the processing unit (133) is configured to control on-off of the internal switch circuit (120) based on the state parameter or in response to a control command received by the communication unit (132).