Intelligent Controller Beam Sweeping for 5G Hot Spot Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
The 5G network architecture's different mode of operation compared to LTE leads to inefficient load balancing due to concentrated user equipment connections, causing hot spots and reduced transmission efficiency, as existing LTE load balancing mechanisms are unsuitable for 5G networks, and beamforming technology increases load on specific beams, making handover difficult.
Innovation Solution
An intelligent controller coordinates beam sweeping scheduling by identifying hot spots through beam switching behavior and controlling radio units to perform second beam sweeping operations with higher directivity beams, distributing the load and reducing the burden on overloaded beams.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If beamforming technology is used to concentrate signal energy in specific directions, then signal quality is improved, but load concentration on specific beams increases causing hot spots
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic beam adjustment by continuously monitoring user equipment distribution and signal quality metrics, then adapting beam directions and widths in real-time. This allows the system to respond to changing traffic patterns and prevent hot spot formation while maintaining high signal quality where needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes beam parameters such as direction, width, and power allocation dynamically based on network conditions. By adjusting these parameters, the system can concentrate energy where user equipment is present while dispersing load away from hot spots, resolving the contradiction between signal quality and load distribution.
2Productivity
If LTE handover parameters are adjusted to redistribute user equipment, then load balancing is improved, but the mechanism is ineffective in 5G beamforming architecture
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of relying on traditional handover parameters, the patent changes the control parameters to beam-level attributes such as beam direction, width, and association relationships. This allows load balancing to function effectively in the 5G beamforming architecture by directly manipulating the parameters that govern beam-user equipment associations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new control entity or mechanism that acts as an intermediary between the core network and the radio access network, specifically managing beam-level load balancing. This intermediary translates high-level load balancing objectives into specific beam configuration adjustments, making the mechanism effective for 5G architectures.
3Measurement precision
If multiple user equipment simultaneously measure and connect to the best signal beam, then connection quality is maximized, but hot spots are created reducing transmission efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts beam configurations based on real-time measurements of user equipment distribution and signal quality. When hot spots are detected, the system dynamically modifies beam directions or widths to redistribute user equipment, thereby maintaining connection quality while improving overall transmission efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different beam configurations to different spatial regions based on local user equipment density and signal conditions. In areas with high user concentration (hot spots), beams are adjusted to disperse load, while in areas with fewer users, beams maintain high directivity for optimal signal quality. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction between connection quality and transmission efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides a method for coordinating beam sweeping scheduling and an intelligent controller. The method includes: controlling a first radio unit to perform a first beam sweeping operation to provide a plurality of first beams to a plurality of user equipments; determining whether or not a first specific beam corresponding to a hot spot area exists in the first beams; in response to determining the first specific beam exists in the plurality of first beams, obtaining a beam switching behavior associated with the first specific beam from radio units; obtaining a specific radio unit from the beam switching behavior; and controlling the specific radio unit to perform a second beam sweeping operation to provide at least one second specific beam directing to the hot spot area.