Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Real-Time CSI Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electromagnetic sensing technologies face challenges in obtaining precise channel state information (CSI) for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, which hinders the accurate transmission of communication signals and slows down the sensing process.
Innovation Solution
A reconfigurable intelligent surface comprising a radiant layer with antennas and reflecting units, a sensing feeding circuit layer, a processing layer, and a controlling circuit layer, which senses and interprets the polarization, frequency, and direction angle of incident electromagnetic waves to generate controlling signals for adjusting the reflecting electromagnetic waves.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional electromagnetic sensing technology is used to obtain CSI, then the sensing process can be completed, but the accuracy of CSI is insufficient and the sensing speed is slow
Solution Approach 1:
The reconfigurable intelligent surface divides the sensing and signal processing functions into separate modules: multiple antennas for receiving electromagnetic waves, sensing feeding circuits for signal conversion, and a processing layer for independent CSI calculation. This segmentation allows parallel processing of multiple signal components simultaneously, improving both accuracy and sensing speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The sensing feeding circuits perform preliminary signal processing by converting received electromagnetic wave signals into electrical signals before they reach the processing layer. This preliminary action prepares the signals in advance, enabling faster and more accurate CSI calculation in subsequent processing stages.
2Measurement precision
If conventional channel estimation methods are used, then CSI can be obtained, but the calculation complexity is high and precision is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The sensing feeding circuits act as intermediaries between the antennas and the processing layer, performing initial signal conversion and preprocessing. This intermediary function simplifies the subsequent CSI calculation by providing pre-processed electrical signals that require less complex computation while maintaining high precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical or iterative channel estimation methods with an electromagnetic field-based sensing approach. By using sensing feeding circuits to directly convert electromagnetic signals into electrical signals for processing, the system achieves accurate CSI with reduced calculation complexity compared to conventional iterative estimation methods.
3Reliability
If the reconfigurable intelligent surface adjusts reflecting electromagnetic waves based on imprecise CSI, then signal transmission can occur, but the transmission accuracy is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The processing layer calculates CSI based on signals received from multiple antennas through sensing feeding circuits, and this accurate CSI feeds back to control the reflecting units. This feedback mechanism ensures that the reconfigurable intelligent surface continuously adjusts its reflecting characteristics based on precise channel information, improving both transmission reliability and accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The reconfigurable intelligent surface is designed with multi-functionality, where the same surface structure can perform both electromagnetic wave sensing and signal reflection functions. The sensing feeding circuits and processing layer enable the surface to accurately detect channel conditions and simultaneously use this information to optimize signal transmission, achieving both reliable and accurate communication.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enhances the accuracy of signal transmission and improves the efficiency of the sensing system by allowing the reconfigurable intelligent surface to adjust the electromagnetic environment based on real-time CSI, thereby reducing signal loss and stabilizing communication.
Implementation Method 1
Each of the at least two antennas is configured for sensing a polarization, a frequency or a direction angle of an incident electromagnetic wave
Implementation Method 2
the reconfigurable intelligent surface can adjust a direction, a frequency and a polarization of a reflecting electromagnetic wave to transmit the communication signals which bypass the barrier to the electronic device by the reflecting electromagnetic wave
Data Source
AI summary
A reconfigurable intelligent surface includes a radiant layer, a sensing feeding circuit layer, a processing layer and a controlling circuit layer. The radiant layer includes at least two antennas and a plurality of reflecting units. Each of the at least two antennas is configured for sensing a polarization, a frequency or a direction angle of an incident electromagnetic wave. The reflecting units are arranged to form a reflecting surface. The sensing feeding circuit layer is signally connected to the antennas. The processing layer is signally connected to the sensing feeding circuit layer, and the processing layer is configured to produce a controlling signal corresponding thereto. The controlling circuit layer is signally connected to the radiant layer and the processing layer, wherein the controlling circuit layer receives the controlling signal and controls the reflecting units according to the controlling signal to adjust and form a reflecting electromagnetic wave.