Inter-layer Prediction Coding for Moving Picture Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
In scalable encoding of moving picture data, the existing methods face inefficiencies when applying lossy coding in lower hierarchies and lossless coding in upper hierarchies, leading to increased prediction errors and deteriorated encoding efficiency due to orthogonal transformation and quantization errors.
Innovation Solution
The proposed apparatus for encoding moving pictures employs an inter-layer prediction coding method that evaluates the localization of pixel errors in lower hierarchies, skips orthogonal transformation in blocks with high localization, and performs direct entropy encoding in upper hierarchies to suppress error diffusion and improve overall encoding efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If orthogonal transformation and quantization are applied in lower hierarchies of scalable encoding, then compression efficiency is improved, but prediction errors increase and encoding efficiency deteriorates in upper hierarchies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary error suppression by performing error diffusion suppression processing in the lower hierarchy before upper hierarchy encoding. This includes calculating localization degrees of prediction errors, identifying blocks with high localization degrees, and suppressing error diffusion in these blocks through selective orthogonal transformation application. This preliminary action prevents error accumulation that would otherwise deteriorate upper hierarchy prediction accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating processing based on block characteristics. Instead of uniformly applying orthogonal transformation to all blocks, the system calculates localization degrees for each block and applies error diffusion suppression selectively to blocks with high localization degrees. This localized approach maintains compression efficiency while preventing error propagation in critical regions.
2Quantity of substance
If orthogonal transformation is applied to all blocks, then compression performance is improved, but error diffusion increases and bit stream length increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by selectively applying orthogonal transformation only to blocks that require it based on their localization degree. Blocks with high localization degrees (indicating concentrated prediction errors) are processed differently from blocks with low localization degrees. This partial application of transformation reduces unnecessary error diffusion while maintaining compression performance for blocks that benefit from it.
3Quantity of substance
If lossy coding is applied in lower hierarchies and lossless coding in upper hierarchies, then overall compression is improved, but encoding efficiency deteriorates due to error propagation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary error suppression processing in the lower hierarchy before upper hierarchy encoding to prevent error propagation. By calculating localization degrees and suppressing error diffusion in blocks with high localization degrees, the system prepares cleaner prediction data for upper hierarchy lossless coding, thereby maintaining encoding efficiency while achieving overall compression.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces error diffusion suppression processing as an intermediary step between lower and upper hierarchy encoding. This intermediary process calculates localization degrees, identifies problematic blocks, and applies selective error suppression to bridge the gap between lossy lower hierarchy coding and lossless upper hierarchy coding, preventing error propagation while maintaining efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for encoding a moving picture by an inter-layer prediction coding determines, in a first encoding process for a first layer, whether the orthogonal transformation is applied to a first sub-block, based on a feature amount indicating a localization degree level of a pixel having a non-zero value in a prediction error signal. The apparatus generates, in the first encoding process, a local decoding picture by decoding the first sub-block based on a quantized coefficient obtained by quantizing either one of an orthogonal transformation coefficient or the prediction error signal, according to a result of the determining. The apparatus generates, in a second encoding process for a second layer, a second prediction block based in part on the local decoding picture. The apparatus applies the entropy encoding to a second prediction error signal between the second prediction block and a second block, to output an encoded bit stream.