Interactive Beam Training for Wireless Communications
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing beam training process in wireless communications is time-consuming and inefficient, with significant overhead of training signals due to the need to search for optimum transmission and reception beams across a large number of antenna elements in massive MIMO systems.
Innovation Solution
A method and device for beam training that involves transmitting and receiving beam training signals in an interactive manner, where the transmitting device determines and transmits transmission and reception beams based on feedback from the receiving device, allowing for progressive search of optimal beams rather than training all beams simultaneously.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If all transmission beams are traversed and transmitted in the existing analog beam training process, then the receiver can search for the optimum transmission beam, but the process becomes very time-consuming with significant overhead of training signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the beam training process into two separate stages: transmission beam training and reception beam training. The transmitter first trains its transmission beams independently, then the receiver trains its reception beams based on the transmitter's beam information. This segmentation eliminates the need for exhaustive joint beam searching, significantly reducing training time while maintaining beam search accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The transmitter performs transmission beam training in advance before the receiver performs reception beam training. By completing the transmitter's beam optimization first, the receiver can then focus solely on optimizing its reception beams using the pre-established transmission beam configuration, reducing the overall training time required.
2Measurement precision
If all transmission beams are traversed and transmitted repeatedly, then the receiver can adjust its reception beam and search for the optimum reception beam, but there is a significant overhead of training signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent separates transmission beam training from reception beam training, allowing each device to train independently. The transmitter determines its optimal transmission beams first, then the receiver determines its optimal reception beams based on the transmitter's results. This eliminates the need for repeated joint beam sweeping and reduces training signal overhead significantly.
Solution Approach 2:
The receiver provides feedback information about its reception beam training results to the transmitter. This feedback mechanism allows the transmitter to adjust its transmission beam configuration based on the receiver's performance, achieving optimal beam alignment without requiring exhaustive repeated training of all beam combinations.
3Reliability
If traditional beam training methods are used with massive antenna arrays, then beam-forming gain can be achieved to make up for signal attenuation, but the beam training process becomes rather inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the beam training into independent transmitter and receiver stages, allowing parallel processing and eliminating the need for sequential exhaustive searching. This segmentation maintains the beam-forming gain necessary for reliable signal transmission over long distances while dramatically improving beam training efficiency in massive MIMO systems.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a beam training method and device, for use in resolving the problems in the prior art of excessive time-consuming of a beam training process, large overhead of training signals, and relatively low efficiency. According to embodiments of the present invention, a transmit device sends beam training signals in two times. The first sending of a transmit beam training signal is for a receive device to select a transmit beam using a selected receive beam and report the transmit beam. The second sending is that the transmit device sends a receive beam training signal according to the transmit beam information report of the receive device, so as to train the received beam of the receive device. According to the embodiments of the present invention, an interactive beam training method is used to gradually search for the best transmit beam and receive beam, thereby avoiding completing beam training all at once, reducing beam training time and overhead, and improving efficiency.