Interchangeable Plasma Nozzle Interface Standardization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing thermal spray guns lack a standard interface for interchangeable nozzles, leading to challenges in proper alignment, sealing, cooling, and electrical connections, which affects the consistency and efficiency of plasma spray coatings.

Innovation Solution

A standard interface for thermal spray plasma guns that provides mechanical location, electrical connections, and water chamber seals, allowing for easy exchange of nozzles with different plasma flow properties, including a receptacle and clamping assembly for secure alignment and cooling liquid flow, and capable of handling up to 800 amps at 300 volts.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a standard interface for interchangeable nozzles is implemented, then adaptability and versatility improve, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle interchangeabilityVSAvoidinterface structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The receptacle assembly is designed as a universal interface that can accommodate multiple different nozzle types through a single standardized connection structure. The clamping assembly with adjustable jaws can secure nozzles of varying sizes and shapes, allowing one plasma gun to perform multiple coating applications with different materials and specifications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Manufacturing precision

If precise alignment and sealing are ensured through a standardized interface, then manufacturing precision improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenozzle alignmentVSAvoidinterface structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The interface design incorporates asymmetric features including a keyed portion on the nozzle that corresponds to a matching keyway in the receptacle, ensuring precise rotational orientation and alignment. The clamping assembly uses asymmetric jaw configurations to properly position different nozzle types, eliminating the need for complex adjustment mechanisms while maintaining manufacturing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient and repeatable nozzle connections, extending the performance range of a single thermal spray plasma gun by ensuring proper orientation and sealing, reducing human error and equipment costs, and allowing for various plasma flow characteristics with a single device.

Implementation Method 1

cooling of the gun nozzle during the spray process is required to prevent overheating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCooling: Cooling

Implementation Method 2

An electrical connection between the nozzle and the plasma gun is also required to serve as the return path for the plasma arc current flow

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Data Source

PatentEP1875785B1Interchangeable plasma nozzle interface
Publication Date: 2012.04.11 OERLIKON METCO (US) INC
  • EP1875785B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP1875785B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4D
  • EP1875785B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The present invention provides a standard interface for providing mechanical location, mechanical orientation, electrical connections, and water chamber seals for the exchange of a variety of plasma forming nozzles each associated with a specific plasma plume characteristic. The flexibility of the nozzle attachment is improved over prior designs by providing a standard exterior nozzle configuration and nozzle clamping assembly on the plasma gun so that multiple nozzles configurations (giving different plasma flow properties) can easily be used with the same devices. The joining of the nozzle to the receptacle forms a channel for cooling liquid to flow from the plasma gun through the nozzle to a return path in the plasma gun and creates an electrical contact between the plasma gun and the nozzle.