Transmission Interface Over-Voltage Protection for Shorted Pins
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing transmission interface circuits face damage from short circuits due to adjacent pins being temporarily shorted, leading to current flow that interrupts operations and damages internal circuits, with existing safety switches disrupting communication.
Innovation Solution
A transmission interface circuit with a load resistor, bias voltage source, detection terminal, and over-voltage protection circuit that enables a discharge path when a short circuit is detected, preventing damage by large currents without interrupting communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a safety switch is used to disconnect the short circuit path, then internal circuits are protected from damage, but transmission operation is interrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The protection function is segmented from the main transmission path. The over-voltage protection circuit includes a detection terminal connected to the detection pin through a load resistor, and a discharge path controlled by a control switch that is separate from the main transmission signal path. This segmentation allows independent protection operation without affecting transmission continuity.
Solution Approach 2:
A discharge path is introduced as an intermediary element between the bias voltage source and ground. When over-voltage is detected, this discharge path provides a controlled current diversion route that protects internal circuits without requiring disconnection of the main transmission path, thus maintaining operational continuity.
2Area of stationary object
If adjacent pins are arranged close together to reduce device size, then device compactness is improved, but short circuit risk increases due to water, tilt, or foreign bodies
Solution Approach 1:
The over-voltage protection circuit performs preliminary protection by detecting voltage abnormalities before they can cause damage to internal circuits. The detection terminal continuously monitors the detection pin voltage through the load resistor, and the control switch is pre-configured to activate the discharge path when over-voltage conditions are detected, preventing harmful effects before they occur.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit converts the potentially harmful short circuit condition into a detectable over-voltage signal. When pins are shorted by water, tilt, or foreign bodies, the resulting voltage change is detected by the detection terminal, which then activates the protection mechanism. The harmful short circuit event is transformed into a useful detection signal that triggers appropriate protection without causing damage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents internal circuit damage from short circuits while maintaining uninterrupted operation by providing a discharge path to manage excessive currents, ensuring continuous communication.
Implementation Method 1
Related art transmission interfaces typically utilize a specific detection pin to detect a voltage generated by resistive voltage division
Implementation Method 2
The over-voltage protection circuit is configured to enable a discharge path when the detection voltage is greater than the bias voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A transmission interface circuit and a method for performing over-voltage protection in a transmission interface circuit are provided. The transmission interface includes a load resistor, a bias voltage source, a detection terminal and an over-voltage protection circuit, wherein the bias voltage source is coupled to a first terminal of the load resistor, the detection terminal is coupled to a second terminal of the load resistor, and the over-voltage protection circuit is coupled to the bias voltage source and the detection terminal. The bias voltage source is configured to provide a bias voltage, the detection terminal is configured to generate a detection voltage according to the load resistor, and the over-voltage protection circuit is configured to enable a discharge path when the detection voltage is greater than the bias voltage.