Interferogram Centerburst Extraction for Spectral Resolution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current spectroscopic methods face challenges in determining chemical or physical properties due to limitations in spectral resolution, noise suppression, and mechanical stability, particularly in systems with spectral overlap and complex data analysis, which are not efficiently addressed by traditional Fourier Transform methods.
Innovation Solution
The method involves obtaining and transforming interferograms using loading functions and inner products to correlate chemical or physical properties, allowing for improved resolution and stability without requiring extensive mechanical stability or long optical path differences, enabling the determination of chemical or physical properties through uneven sampling and segment-based analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional Fourier Transform methods are used to determine spectral properties from interferograms, then spectral information can be obtained, but the method suffers from limitations in spectral resolution, noise suppression, and requires extensive mechanical stability and long optical path differences
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the necessary portion of the interferogram (centerburst region) for spectral determination, rather than requiring the entire interferogram. This extraction approach reduces the required optical path difference and mechanical stability requirements while maintaining spectral resolution, as the most informative region is isolated and processed independently
Solution Approach 2:
The interferogram is divided into segments, with the centerburst region being the primary focus for spectral analysis. This segmentation allows the method to achieve high spectral resolution using only a portion of the interferogram, reducing the mechanical stability requirements compared to traditional FFT methods that require the complete interferogram
2Measurement precision
If the optical path difference is increased to improve spectral resolution, then better resolution is achieved, but mechanical stability requirements increase and instrument complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The method extracts spectral information from the centerburst region of the interferogram, which contains the most informative data. This extraction eliminates the need to increase the overall optical path difference, as the resolution is achieved from a localized region rather than requiring a long entire interferogram
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies partial action by using only the central portion of the interferogram (centerburst) rather than the complete interferogram. This partial use of data achieves sufficient spectral resolution without requiring excessive optical path difference, thereby reducing instrument complexity and mechanical stability requirements
3Measurement precision
If uneven sampling is performed to improve resolution or determine features in the interferogram, then better feature determination is achieved, but the resulting frequencies may be outside the sensitivity range of traditional instruments
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical Fourier Transform processing with an alternative mathematical approach using correlation functions and spectral estimation techniques. This substitution allows handling of unevenly sampled interferogram data without requiring the frequencies to fall within traditional instrument sensitivity ranges, as the mathematical processing adapts to the actual sampling pattern
Solution Approach 2:
The method changes the processing parameters by using correlation-based spectral estimation instead of fixed FFT binning. This allows the analysis to adapt to uneven sampling patterns and determine spectral features at frequencies that would not align with traditional FFT frequency bins, expanding the effective frequency sensitivity range
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach simplifies the determination of chemical or physical properties by reducing noise and improving resolution, enabling more robust and efficient analysis of complex samples with spectral overlap, while maintaining mechanical stability and reducing instrument complexity.
Implementation Method 1
The Michelson Interferometer is based on separating a beam of light and then recombining the two beams after a path difference has occurred, thus causing interference in the detected light
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention offers an alternative strategy for the correlation of interference information to chemical and/or physical properties of a sample. This strategy can be implemented in a method and a system, which offer substantial technical and commercial advantages over state of the art techniques based on interference spectroscopy. The method comprises the steps of: a. obtaining an interferogram and/or at least one interferogram element corresponding to a modulation of electromagnetic signal emitted from, transmitted onto or through, or having interacted with at least a part of the sample, b. performing i. at least one transformation of the interferogram and/or a segment of the interferogram and/or an interferogram element with at least one function, ii. optionally repeating i) for another segment of the interferogram and/or interferogram element, wherein the transformation does not comprise a Fourier Transformation if i) is conducted only once, thereby obtaining at least one score, c. correlating said at least one score to the at least one chemical or physical property.