Interleaved Transition Encoding for Decimation CDR Synchronization
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Solution Overview
Problem
In serial link data transmission systems, ensuring guaranteed transitions in the data stream is challenging, particularly when embedding a clock signal, as decimation CDRs require a transition at a specific ratio without an initial phase update, leading to inefficiencies and potential loss of data synchronization.
Innovation Solution
The method involves encoding input data bits into coded words, partitioning them into blocks, and integrating these in an interleaved order to guarantee transitions at every decimation ratio, using techniques like XOR operations with a unique key word and base conversion, ensuring consistent transitions and limited run-length in the data stream.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If decimation CDR is used to recover clock signal from data stream, then clock recovery efficiency is improved, but guaranteed transitions cannot be ensured at arbitrary decimation ratios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-processing the data stream through encoding before transmission. The encoder ensures that the encoded data stream contains guaranteed transitions at every Mth bit position, which allows the decimation CDR to reliably recover the clock signal without needing to process every bit. This preliminary encoding structure enables efficient decimation-based clock recovery while guaranteeing the necessary transitions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter structure of the data stream by introducing an encoding scheme that transforms the original data bits into an encoded format with specific transition properties. The encoder modifies the data stream parameters to ensure that regardless of the decimation ratio M, there will always be a transition at every Mth bit position, thus adapting the data stream to work efficiently with decimation CDR at any ratio.
2Speed
If data stream is transmitted without embedded transitions, then data rate is improved, but clock recovery becomes unreliable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by strategically placing transitions only at specific positions in the data stream rather than continuously. The encoder ensures transitions occur at every Mth bit position while allowing other positions to maintain their original data values. This localized approach to adding transitions minimizes the impact on data transmission rate while providing sufficient information for reliable clock recovery at the decimated positions.
3Reliability
If transitions are added to guarantee clock recovery, then clock recovery reliability is improved, but data stream complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an encoder as an intermediary device that sits between the data source and the transmission channel. This encoder mediates the data stream by applying a systematic encoding process that guarantees transitions at every Mth bit position. The encoding process uses a simple rule-based approach that checks the current bit position and data values, adding transitions only when necessary, thus maintaining relatively low complexity while ensuring clock recovery reliability.
Data Source
Figure 1A
Figure 1B
Figure 2A~2B
AI summary
A method of encoding input data. The method includes receiving a plurality of data bits of a bit stream. The method further includes forming words using the plurality of data bits to create a plurality of data packets including a first data packet. The method further includes encoding the words of the first data packet into coded words, partitioning the coded words into a plurality of blocks of M words each and integrating the coded words in each block in an interleaved order to generate a coded data packet for transmission through a communication channel.