Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter with Coupled Inductors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional DC-DC converters face challenges in managing high voltages and currents while maintaining power density and efficiency, particularly in applications like photovoltaic systems and energy storage, where they often result in increased circulating currents and larger inductor sizes.

Innovation Solution

The proposed DC-DC power converter employs a configuration with interleaved phase legs, including a filter portion with inductors at the low-voltage input, a DC-DC converter portion with sets of switches, a DC-link portion with capacitors, and a coupled inductor portion at the high-voltage output, featuring coupled inductors in series with the initial inductors to reduce circulating currents and ripple, thereby enhancing efficiency and power density.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If conventional DC-DC converters are used to handle high voltages and currents, then power conversion capability is improved, but circulating currents increase and inductor sizes become larger

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower conversion capabilityVSAvoidinductor size
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The converter is divided into multiple interleaved phases (first and second sets of switches with associated inductors), where each phase handles a portion of the total power. This segmentation distributes the current burden across multiple smaller inductors rather than requiring one large inductor, thereby reducing the size of individual inductors while maintaining the overall power conversion capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Power

If conventional DC-DC converters are used to handle high voltages and currents, then power conversion capability is improved, but circulating currents increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower conversion capabilityVSAvoidcirculating currents
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The interleaved phases operate with periodic switching patterns, where the first and second sets of switches are activated in alternating sequences. This periodic action causes the ripple currents from different phases to cancel each other out, significantly reducing the circulating currents and associated energy losses while maintaining high power conversion capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Power

If larger inductors are used to handle high currents, then power conversion capability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower conversion capabilityVSAvoidinductor configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of using fewer large inductors, the design segments the inductance requirement into multiple smaller inductors arranged in interleaved phases. This segmentation simplifies the individual component specifications and reduces overall device complexity while achieving the same power handling capability through distributed architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration reduces circulating currents and ripple, allowing for smaller, less costly inductors and improved power converter efficiency, achieving higher power density and reduced size compared to conventional systems.

Implementation Method 1

a coupled inductor portion coupled to the DC-link portion at a high voltage output of the DC-DC power converter, comprising a second set of coupled inductors, each coupled inductor of the second set of coupled inductors electrically in series with a respective inductor of the first set of inductors

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3930163A1DC-DC power converter
Publication Date: 2021.12.29 GE AVIATION SYSTEMS LLC
  • EP3930163A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3930163A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3930163A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An interleaved DC-DC boost converter (291) is disclosed. The DC-DC converter (291) includes a filter portion (292) comprising first set of inductors (221) at a low voltage input (211) of the DC-DC power converter (291), a DC-DC converter portion (200) having a first and a second set of switches (251, 252) coupled to the filter portion (292), and a DC-link portion (293) coupled to the DC-DC converter portion (200), comprising a first and a second set of capacitors (231, 232). The DC-DC boost converter (291) further includes a coupled inductor portion (220) coupled to the DC-link portion (293) at a high voltage output (212) of said power converter (291), comprising a second set of coupled inductors (222, 223), each coupled inductor (222a, 222b) of the second set of coupled inductors (222) electrically in series with a respective inductor (221a, 221b)of the first set of inductors (221).