Intermediate Transferor Fine Particle Resistivity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing intermediate transfer belts with high electrical resistance particles lead to a significant decrease in transfer rate, especially in full-color mode, due to excessive toner charging and inadequate discharge, particularly affecting halftone images.

Innovation Solution

An intermediate transferor with a base layer, an elastic layer, and fine particles on the surface, where the fine particles have a volume resistivity of 1 × 10^0 Ω·cm to 1 × 10^6 Ω·cm, forming an uneven surface to optimize toner transfer and cleaning properties.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If high electrical resistance particles are used on the intermediate transfer belt surface, then toner releasability and flexible transfer belt properties are improved, but transfer rate in halftone images decreases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetoner releasabilityVSAvoidtransfer rate
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different electrical resistance characteristics to different regions of the transfer belt surface by using particles with specific resistance values (10^8 to 10^12 Ω·cm) embedded in the elastic layer, creating local variations in electrical properties that optimize both toner release and transfer efficiency in different areas

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the electrical resistance parameter of the particles from conventional high resistance materials to specifically controlled resistance values (10^8 to 10^12 Ω·cm), and adjusts particle embedding depth and distribution to achieve optimal balance between toner releasability and transfer rate

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If high transfer current is applied to transfer solid images, then solid image transfer is achieved, but excessive current charges halftone toner oppositely

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesolid image transferVSAvoidopposite charging of halftone toner
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent embeds conductive particles with controlled resistance values in the elastic layer before the transfer process, creating a cushioning effect that moderates and distributes the transfer current, preventing sudden current surges that would cause opposite charging of halftone toner while still enabling solid image transfer

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional intermediate transfer belt structure is used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but transferability on special recording media with surface irregularities is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing simplicityVSAvoidtransferability on special recording media
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite structure by embedding particles with specific electrical resistance characteristics (10^8 to 10^12 Ω·cm) within the elastic layer material, combining the flexibility of the elastic polymer with the electrical conductivity control provided by the particles, enabling adaptability to various recording media surfaces

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution improves halftone transferability in full-color mode and enhances transferability on special recording media like paper with surface irregularities, while maintaining high cleaning properties.

Implementation Method 1

The fine particles have a volume resistivity of 1 × 10^0 Ω·cm to 1 × 10^6 Ω·cm

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resistance: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3376303B1Intermediate transferor, method of making the same, and image forming apparatus using the same
Publication Date: 2021.03.31 RICOH CO LTD
  • EP3376303B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2B
  • EP3376303B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3376303B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

An intermediate transferor (22;501) for an image forming apparatus includes a base layer (11), an elastic layer (12) layered on the base layer (11), and fine particles (13) on the elastic layer (12) to form an uneven surface of the elastic layer (12). The fine particles (13) have a volume resistivity of 1 × 10° Ω·cm to 1 × 106 Ω cm.