Internal Ballast Compartments for High-Altitude Lighter-Than-Air Vehicles

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional lighter-than-air vehicles face challenges with large ballast loads required for high-altitude flight, which result in increased drag and inefficiency due to external hoppers and support structures, affecting performance and payload capacity.

Innovation Solution

A gas-impermeable body with internal ballast compartments and a flexible barrier separating the vehicle into lift and ballast compartments, allowing for controlled ballast release through a one-way valve, eliminating the need for external hoppers and reducing drag.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If external hoppers and support structures are used to manage ballast loads, then ballast management capability is improved, but drag and vehicle efficiency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveballast management capabilityVSAvoiddrag
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The ballast hopper is nested within the vehicle body, specifically in the pressurized volume between the envelope and the rigid structure. This internal placement eliminates external drag-inducing structures while maintaining full ballast management functionality, as the hopper can still receive, store, and release ballast effectively.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The ballast management function is extracted from external support structures and integrated into the internal volume of the vehicle body. By removing the need for external hoppers and their supporting frameworks, the design eliminates the associated drag while preserving the essential ballast release capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Duration of action of moving object

If large ballast loads are carried for high-altitude flight, then altitude capability is improved, but payload capacity and aerodynamic efficiency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealtitude capabilityVSAvoidpayload capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The ballast hopper utilizes the third dimension (vertical space) within the vehicle body by positioning it in the pressurized volume between the envelope and rigid structure. This efficient use of internal volume allows large ballast loads to be accommodated without increasing external dimensions or reducing payload capacity, maintaining aerodynamic efficiency while enabling high-altitude operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Ease of operation

If external hoppers and support structures are used, then ballast release functionality is improved, but local loading and scar mass deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveballast release functionalityVSAvoidscar mass
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The ballast hopper is merged with the internal structure of the vehicle body, eliminating the need for separate external support structures and scars. The hopper integrates with the existing pressurized volume and structural framework, reducing scar mass while maintaining ballast release functionality through the same operational mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration effectively manages buoyancy, reduces local loading and drag, and increases payload capacity by integrating ballast compartments within the body, enhancing the vehicle's aerodynamic efficiency and performance at high altitudes.

Implementation Method 1

A valve may permit passage of the ballast from the ballast compartment to an exterior of the body

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

a lift compartment for holding lift gas, such as lighter than air gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBuoyancy: Archimedes' Principle (Buoyancy)

Data Source

PatentEP2514666B1Vehicle comprising heavier than air internal ballast
Publication Date: 2016.10.19 LOCKHEED MARTIN CORP
  • EP2514666B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2514666B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2514666B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3D

AI summary

A lighter than air vehicle (10) suitable for use in high-altitude applications use may include a gas impermeable body (12) and a flexible barrier (14) separating the body into multiple sections or compartments. The compartments may include a lift compartment (16) for holding lift gas (20), such as lighter than air gas, and a ballast compartment (18) for holding a ballast (22), such as heavier than air gas. A valve (24) is configured to permit passage of the ballast (22) from the ballast compartment (18) to an exterior of the body (12). The body (12) may have an oblong shape, with fins (26) attached to an exterior back end thereof. The vehicle (10) may have only internal ballast compartments (18), without including a hopper external to the body (12).