Chemical Polishing Flow Paths for AM Internal Cavity Finishing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Additive manufactured (AM) metal workpieces with complex internal cavities face issues such as metal debris accumulation, surface roughness, and difficulty in removing temporary support structures, especially in small and tortuous cavities, using traditional mechanical finishing methods, which leads to inefficiencies and inconsistencies in surface finishing and dimension accuracy.

Innovation Solution

A chemical polishing method is employed to remove metal debris and temporary support structures from internal cavities, utilizing customized connectors to ensure uniform chemical solution delivery and temperature control, with a heated buffer bath and recirculation system to maintain consistent chemistry and prevent gas bubbles, allowing for precise monitoring of stock removal and surface finishing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If mechanical finishing methods (abrasive grinding, magnetic abrasive finishing) are used on internal cavities, then surface roughness is reduced, but residual debris remains inside the cavities requiring subsequent removal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface roughnessVSAvoidmetal debris
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical finishing methods with a chemical etching process that uses chemical reactions to remove material from internal cavities. This substitution eliminates the generation of mechanical debris while achieving the desired surface finish, as the chemical process dissolves material rather than mechanically removing it.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the finishing process from mechanical to chemical. By using controlled chemical etching with specific etchants and processing conditions, the system achieves surface finishing without producing residual debris that would require additional removal steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Strength

If temporary support structures are used in internal cavities with cross section greater than 3 mm, then heat transfer and mechanical stability are improved, but removal of supports becomes difficult or impossible with traditional mechanical techniques

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical stabilityVSAvoidsupport structure removal
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses chemical etching to remove temporary support structures from internal cavities, replacing mechanical removal techniques. This chemical approach can access and remove supports from narrow, tortuous pathways where mechanical tools cannot reach, completely eliminating the support structures without leaving residual debris.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Stability of the object's composition

If AM parts are built with identical parameters in the same machine, then manufacturing consistency is maintained, but significant variances in surface roughness and metal debris quantities occur from part to part

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebuild parameter consistencyVSAvoidsurface roughness uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a quality verification process that inspects each part after chemical etching to confirm removal of metal debris and achievement of desired surface finish. This feedback mechanism identifies parts that require reprocessing, ensuring consistent quality output despite variations in the additive manufacturing process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

4Manufacturing precision

If mechanical finishing techniques are used on internal cavities, then surface roughness is reduced, but the process cannot successfully treat cavities with cross-sectional areas of less than 1 mm²

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface roughnessVSAvoidcavity size range
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical finishing methods with chemical etching, which can access and finish internal cavities of any size including those with cross-sectional areas less than 1 mm². The chemical process flows through narrow passages and tortuous pathways that mechanical tools cannot reach, providing universal applicability across all cavity geometries.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The chemical polishing method effectively removes metal debris and support structures, achieving uniform surface roughness and desired internal dimensions, reducing post-processing checks and pre-processing inspections, while ensuring safety and environmental concerns are mitigated through controlled chemical handling and monitoring.

Implementation Method 1

A chemical polishing method is employed to remove metal debris and temporary support structures from internal cavities

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical dissolution:

Implementation Method 2

with a heated buffer bath and recirculation system to maintain consistent chemistry

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid recirculation:

Implementation Method 3

heated buffer bath and recirculation system to maintain consistent chemistry and prevent gas bubbles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal control:

Data Source

PatentEP3417090B1Chemical processing of additive manufactured workpieces
Publication Date: 2021.07.28 REM TECHNOLOGY INC
  • EP3417090B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3417090B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3417090B1 patent drawingFigure 2C~2D

AI summary

A method for chemical processing an internal cavity of an additive manufactured (AM) metal workpiece is disclosed in which a connector is provided in fluid connection with the internal cavity and a chemical polishing solution is flowed through the connector and the internal cavity to process the internal cavity to a desired finish.