Internal liquid suction heat exchanger

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Solution Overview

Problem

Refrigeration systems using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants face issues with low discharge superheat, leading to ineffective oil separation, oil foaming, and operational problems due to residual atomized liquid particles, as well as poor versatility in responding to fluid temperature and flowrate changes.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a liquid suction heat exchanger within the evaporator to increase suction superheat by transferring heat from the liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant vapor, enhancing system efficiency and capacity, and using a superheat sensor to control the expansion valve for improved refrigerant flow management.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If low GWP refrigerants are used, then environmental impact is reduced, but discharge superheat decreases leading to poor oil separation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveglobal warming potentialVSAvoidoil separation effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The liquid suction heat exchanger pre-heats the liquid refrigerant before it enters the evaporator by using heat from the suction vapor. This preliminary heating action ensures that sufficient superheat is achieved before the refrigerant enters the compressor, preventing oil carryover and ensuring reliable oil separation even when using low GWP refrigerants with inherently lower discharge superheat

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The liquid suction heat exchanger acts as an intermediary component between the evaporator and condenser, facilitating heat transfer from the suction vapor to the liquid refrigerant. This intermediary heat exchange mechanism enables improved oil separation without requiring changes to the compressor or oil separator design

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If low discharge superheat is used, then refrigerant efficiency improves, but liquid particles damage downstream components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigerant cycle efficiencyVSAvoidliquid particle damage
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The liquid suction heat exchanger performs preliminary heating of the liquid refrigerant before it enters the evaporator. This ensures that the refrigerant achieves adequate superheat before reaching the compressor, preventing liquid particle damage to downstream components while maintaining refrigerant cycle efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the temperature parameter of the liquid refrigerant by heating it in the liquid suction heat exchanger. This parameter change transforms the refrigerant from a cold liquid state to a warmer liquid state before evaporation, ensuring proper vaporization and preventing liquid carryover that could damage downstream components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If system response to fluid temperature and flowrate changes is improved, then operational versatility increases, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse to fluid temperature and flowrate changesVSAvoidsystem configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The liquid suction heat exchanger is positioned inside the evaporator, merging two heat exchange functions into a single integrated component. This combination allows the system to respond more effectively to changes in fluid temperature and flowrate without adding separate external heat exchangers or complex control systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The liquid suction heat exchanger performs multiple functions simultaneously: it subcools the liquid refrigerant, pre-heats it before evaporation, and increases suction superheat. This multi-functionality enables the system to adapt to various operating conditions without requiring additional specialized components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution improves refrigerant cycle efficiency and capacity, enhances oil separation, reduces liquid entrainment, and extends compressor life by increasing suction superheat and subcooling, while providing better control over refrigerant flow and protecting the compressor from liquid carryover.

Implementation Method 1

heat exchange between liquid refrigerant from the condenser and refrigerant vapor in the evaporator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

transferring heat from the liquid refrigerant to the refrigerant vapor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

the expansion valve is operably coupled to the superheat sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure differential control: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 4

a superheat sensor disposed in the evaporator outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTemperature sensing: Thermocouple

Implementation Method 5

vaporizing and superheating the cooled liquid refrigerant into the refrigerant vapor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 6

increasing the superheat of the refrigerant vapor through heat exchange with the liquid refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP3204702B1Internal liquid suction heat exchanger
Publication Date: 2021.08.11 CARRIER CORP
  • EP3204702B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3204702B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3204702B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In one aspect, an evaporator assembly for a refrigeration system is provided. The evaporator assembly includes a pressure vessel having an inlet and an outlet. The outlet is configured to supply refrigerant to a compressor of the refrigeration system. A liquid suction heat exchanger is disposed within the pressure vessel. The liquid suction heat exchanger is configured to receive a liquid refrigerant for heat exchange with the refrigerant in the pressure vessel.