Correcting Near Surface Statics via Internal Multiples Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing seismic data correction methods do not adequately account for near surface statics, particularly travel-time anomalies in the weathered zone, which affect the quality and accuracy of seismic data due to low seismic velocities, energy absorption, and high impedance contrasts.
Innovation Solution
The method involves predicting internal multiples generators using predictive deconvolution operators to estimate travel time delays, comparing these estimates with direct calculations from acquired seismic data, and applying the resulting corrections to the seismic surface data to mitigate near surface static effects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If traditional seismic data correction methods are used, then processing is simpler and faster, but near surface statics effects remain uncorrected leading to poor imaging quality
Solution Approach 1:
The method performs preliminary estimation of travel time delays using predicted internal multiples before final imaging. By predicting internal multiples from the seismic data and estimating travel time delays in advance, the method prepares correction parameters that are then applied to improve imaging quality, addressing near surface statics effects before they degrade the final image
Solution Approach 2:
The method uses predicted internal multiples as an intermediary to estimate travel time delays. The internal multiples serve as a mediator that contains information about near surface statics, which is then extracted and used to correct the seismic data, bridging the gap between raw data and corrected imaging results
2Manufacturing precision
If internal multiples are removed to improve data quality, then primary reflections are enhanced, but travel time delay information is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The method creates a copy of the internal multiples through prediction rather than directly using the recorded internal multiples. By predicting internal multiples from the seismic data and extracting travel time delay information from this prediction, the method preserves the useful information while eliminating the need to retain actual internal multiple energy that would interfere with primary reflections
Solution Approach 2:
The predicted internal multiples serve as an intermediary that provides travel time delay information without requiring the actual internal multiple events to be present in the final processed data. The prediction process extracts the necessary timing information while allowing the harmful multiple energy to be removed or attenuated
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a system and method for predicting internal multiples generators to correct near surface statics, by estimating a first timing or position associated with reflectors using internal multiple generators identified based on predictive deconvolution operators, estimating a second timing or position associated with the reflectors using the acquired seismic surface data, comparing the first timing or position with the second timing or position for each of the reflectors to determine a travel time delay associated with the reflectors, and correcting the acquired seismic surface data using the travel time delay.