Intelligent Interrupt Distributor for Power-Efficient Multi-Core Systems

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Microcontroller systems face challenges in balancing throughput and power consumption, particularly when handling multiple interrupts simultaneously, as existing techniques to minimize power dissipation often compromise system performance.

Innovation Solution

A multi-processor system architecture with an Intelligent Interrupt Distributer (IID) that manages operating voltage and frequency, distributing interrupts among processors to maintain throughput while reducing power consumption, allowing for configuration between throughput optimization and power reduction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the operating voltage and frequency are reduced to minimize power consumption, then power dissipation is reduced, but system throughput deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower dissipationVSAvoidsystem throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system is divided into multiple processor cores (at least two cores) that share the interrupt handling workload. Each core can independently handle interrupts, allowing the system to maintain throughput while operating at lower voltage and frequency. The interrupt distributor allocates interrupts to available cores, ensuring that power consumption is reduced without sacrificing overall system performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If more processors are added to compensate for throughput loss from reduced voltage, then throughput is maintained, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovethroughputVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

An interrupt distributor component is introduced as an intermediary between peripheral devices and multiple processor cores. This distributor manages the complexity of interrupt allocation by receiving interrupts from peripherals and intelligently distributing them to available processor cores. This mediation layer simplifies the overall system architecture compared to having each core directly connected to all peripherals, while still enabling throughput maintenance through parallel processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Loss of energy

If techniques such as body biasing and clock gating are used to reduce power consumption, then power dissipation is minimized, but interrupt handling capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidinterrupt handling capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the operational state of multiple processor cores based on interrupt workload and power requirements. The interrupt distributor monitors core availability and allocates interrupts dynamically, allowing the system to maintain interrupt handling capability while cores can be placed in low-power states when not actively processing interrupts. This dynamic allocation ensures that interrupt handling reliability is maintained even when power consumption is minimized through techniques like clock gating.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP2746957B1Intelligent interrupt distributor
Publication Date: 2018.07.11 NXP BV
  • EP2746957B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2746957B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2746957B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An intelligent interrupt distributor balances interrupts (workload) in a highly parallelized system. The intelligent interrupt distributor distributes the interrupts between the processor cores. This allows lowering of voltage and frequency of individual processors and ensures that the overall system power consumption is reduced.