Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy Light Source Planning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current photodynamic therapy (PDT) systems face challenges in effectively treating tumors deeper than 5 mm due to limited light penetration, requiring improved methods for pre-treatment planning and parameter adjustment, especially in interstitial PDT, where accurate dosimetry and fiber positioning are crucial for optimizing biological effects.
Innovation Solution
A system and method utilizing combined 3D or 4D image data from multiple modalities for precise pre-treatment planning, including superimposed images for tumor sites, to optimize light source positioning and control parameters, enabling more efficient and controlled delivery of therapeutic light in interstitial photodynamic therapy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If surface irradiation is used for PDT treatment, then the treatment setup is simple, but it can only treat tumors less than 5 mm in thickness
Solution Approach 1:
The treatment system is segmented into multiple independent optical fibers that can be inserted at different positions and depths into the tumor. Each fiber acts as an independent light source, allowing the system to treat deeper tumors by placing fibers directly within the tumor tissue rather than relying on surface irradiation.
Solution Approach 2:
The approach transitions from two-dimensional surface irradiation to three-dimensional interstitial treatment by inserting optical fibers into the tumor tissue. This dimensional change allows light to be delivered from within the tumor volume, enabling treatment of tumors greater than 5 mm in thickness.
2Length of moving object
If multiple optical fibers are used for interstitial PDT, then deeper tumors can be treated, but accurate positioning and dosimetry become complex
Solution Approach 1:
Treatment planning and fiber positioning are performed in advance using computer-based simulation and optimization. The system calculates optimal fiber positions, insertion depths, and light delivery parameters before the actual treatment, ensuring accurate dosimetry and positioning without requiring complex real-time measurements during treatment.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms where treatment parameters are monitored and adjusted based on actual tissue response and light delivery measurements. This allows for real-time verification of dosimetry accuracy and adjustment of fiber positioning or light power to achieve the desired treatment effect.
3Use of energy by moving object
If optical fibers are inserted into the tumor, then light delivery to deep tumors is improved, but precise positioning of fibers becomes challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs virtual treatment planning before the actual procedure, where computer simulations determine the optimal positions, angles, and depths for fiber insertion. This preliminary planning ensures that fibers are positioned precisely to deliver the required light dose to the tumor while avoiding critical structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses intermediate planning tools and simulation software as mediators between the treatment goal and the actual fiber positioning. These tools translate the treatment objectives into specific positioning instructions, making the complex task of precise fiber placement more manageable and accurate.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances treatment accuracy, reduces the risk of undertreatment or damage to healthy tissues, and improves patient safety by allowing for real-time adjustments and optimized light distribution based on individual patient anatomy and tissue conditions.
Implementation Method 1
PDT relies on the use of a photosensitizer agent being activated by light in the presence of oxygen, leading to the production of toxic singlet oxygen radicals
Data Source
AI summary
A system for providing interstitial photodynamic and/or photothermal therapy on a region of tissue in a body, comprising at least one light source adapted to deliver a therapeutic light to the region of tissue, such that the light source is interstitially inserted into the tissue for interaction with a photosensitizer agent and/or for providing a controlled thermal environment of the tissue; and a unit for determining an optimized number of the light sources and individual position of each of the light sources in the region of tissue as well as individual control parameters for each of the light sources.