Intra Frame Residual Prediction for Video Encoding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional video encoding methods are computationally intensive due to the need to test and calculate residual data for each possible intra and inter coding mode, making the mode-decision operation inefficient.
Innovation Solution
An optimized mode-decision operation that predicts residual data without computing prediction blocks for multiple modes, by determining the direction of minimum pixel change to select the optimal intra coding mode and comparing it with inter coding modes, significantly reducing computational requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional video encoding methods test and calculate residual data for each possible intra and inter coding mode, then encoding accuracy is improved, but computational complexity and processing time increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent calculates directionality metrics (such as horizontal and vertical gradient magnitudes) as preliminary actions before performing full residual data calculations. This preliminary analysis identifies the most likely coding mode candidates, allowing the system to perform complete residual calculations only for a subset of modes rather than all possible modes, thus reducing computational complexity while maintaining encoding accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and utilizes specific directional information (directionality metrics) from the image data to guide the mode selection process. By extracting these key features (horizontal gradient magnitude, vertical gradient magnitude, and their ratios), the system can make informed decisions about which coding modes to evaluate in detail, separating the essential information from unnecessary computational overhead.
2Measurement precision
If the system calculates residual data for all possible coding modes, then mode selection accuracy is improved, but processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary calculations of directionality metrics (horizontal and vertical gradient magnitudes, and their ratios) before executing full residual data calculations. This preliminary action filters out unlikely coding modes early in the process, reducing the number of expensive residual calculations needed while maintaining accurate mode selection.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of performing complete residual data calculations for all possible coding modes (excessive action), the patent performs partial actions by calculating only the necessary directionality metrics and using those to select a reduced set of candidate modes for full evaluation. This partial action approach achieves sufficient mode selection accuracy with significantly reduced processing time.
3Productivity
If directional filtering is applied to reduce computational requirements, then processing speed is improved, but potential loss of encoding quality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the calculated directionality metrics (horizontal gradient magnitude, vertical gradient magnitude, and their ratios) are fed back into the mode selection process to dynamically adjust which coding modes are evaluated. This feedback loop ensures that the computational shortcuts taken through directional filtering do not compromise encoding quality, as the system continuously adapts its evaluation based on the actual image characteristics.
Data Source
AI summary
A system, processor, and method are provided for encoding a data block, for example, of digital data. A processor may, from among a plurality of intra frame encoding modes each having a different direction for extrapolating already encoded pixels adjacent to the block, select an intra coding mode having a direction that most closely matches a direction of minimum pixel value change of the block. The processor may compute a predicted intra frame encoding residual data for the block associated with the selected mode based on the difference between the direction of the selected intra frame encoding mode and the direction of minimum pixel value change of the block. The processor may compute inter frame encoding residual data and compare the intra and inter frame encoding residual data. The processor may compress the data block using the intra or inter frame encoding having the smaller residual data.