Intra Prediction Interpolation for Video Compression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing video compression standards, such as HEVC, face limitations in intra prediction efficiency due to the use of simple pixel repetition, which fails to effectively model intensity changes in natural imagery, especially with larger block sizes, leading to suboptimal compression performance.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution introduces interpolation methods that use exact interpolation instead of approximation, applying interpolation to all positive directions, and allowing the encoder to decide based on RD performance, signaling the choice using a 1-bit flag, thereby enhancing prediction efficiency by modeling intensity changes more accurately.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If simple pixel repetition is used for intra prediction, then device complexity is reduced, but manufacturing precision (prediction accuracy) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the prediction method from simple pixel repetition to interpolation-based prediction. It introduces new prediction modes that use linear interpolation between reference samples, transforming the prediction parameters from discrete pixel values to continuous interpolated values, thereby improving prediction accuracy while maintaining manageable complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic prediction modes that adaptively select between different prediction methods (planar, angular, gradient) based on the local image characteristics. This dynamic approach allows the system to optimize prediction accuracy for different regions while maintaining overall efficiency
2Manufacturing precision
If interpolation is applied to all positive directions, then prediction accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the prediction directions into different categories (positive directions, negative directions, planar modes) and applies interpolation selectively to specific segments. By dividing the prediction space and applying different methods to different segments, the patent improves accuracy where needed while controlling overall complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies interpolation-based prediction locally to specific regions and directions where it provides the most benefit. Instead of uniformly applying complex interpolation everywhere, it targets the application to positive directions and specific prediction modes, achieving local optimization without global complexity increase
3Device complexity
If approximate interpolation calculation is used, then device complexity is reduced, but manufacturing precision (prediction accuracy) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex floating-point interpolation calculations with simplified integer-based arithmetic operations. By substituting the calculation mechanism from floating-point to integer arithmetic, it maintains prediction accuracy while dramatically reducing computational complexity and hardware requirements
Data Source
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AI summary
An improved method of performing intra prediction for encoding or decoding uses interpolation such that substitute samples are found for samples to be used in the interpolation calculation that lie outside a normal reference range. The substitute samples can be repeated end samples from the bottom of a reference portion to the left of the target block, or right samples of a reference portion above the target block. An encoder can signal to a decoder whether to use intra prediction or interpolation prediction.