Intramural Stent with Magnetized Jacket for Eccentric Lesions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current endoluminal stents are prone to migration, cause foreign body reactions, and can lead to restenosis and atherosclerosis, while they are unable to effectively target specific tissues or treat radial asymmetries in vascular lesions, leading to adverse side effects and complications.
Innovation Solution
Intramural stents with magnetically susceptible implants are positioned within the lumen wall, surrounded by a magnetized jacket, allowing for targeted drug delivery and radial expansion, reducing the risk of migration and foreign body reactions, and enabling precise treatment of eccentric or asymmetrical lesions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If endoluminal stents are used to maintain lumen patency, then the lumen remains open, but the stents migrate and cause foreign body reactions
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of placing the stent inside the lumen (endoluminal), the invention inverts the approach by positioning the stent outside the lumen wall (extraluminal). The stent is anchored to the external surface of the ductus wall, with its anchoring elements penetrating into the wall tissue, thereby eliminating contact with the lumen contents while maintaining patency support.
Solution Approach 2:
The stent is extracted from the lumen space and repositioned to the extraluminal location. This removes the harmful interaction between the stent and lumen contents (blood, plaque debris) that causes foreign body reactions and migration, while the stent continues to provide structural support to maintain lumen patency.
2Reliability
If conventional stents are used, then lumen support is provided, but they cannot target specific tissues or treat radial asymmetries
Solution Approach 1:
The extraluminal stent incorporates locally adapted anchoring elements that can be selectively positioned and oriented to address specific tissue characteristics and radial asymmetries. The stent structure allows for non-uniform distribution of support and anchoring forces tailored to the local anatomical conditions at different segments of the ductus.
Solution Approach 2:
The stent design embraces asymmetry by allowing anchoring elements to be positioned at varying depths, angles, and densities around the ductus circumference. This asymmetric configuration enables precise targeting of eccentric lesions and adaptation to radial asymmetries in the ductus wall, rather than forcing a symmetric geometry.
3Reliability
If endoluminal stents are deployed, then lumen patency is maintained, but restenosis and atherosclerosis occur
Solution Approach 1:
By extracting the stent from the lumen environment and positioning it extraluminally, the continuous source of irritation to the endothelium is eliminated. This removes the mechanical stimulus that promotes restenosis and atherosclerosis development, while the stent continues to provide the necessary structural support for lumen patency.
Solution Approach 2:
The extraluminal positioning of the stent preemptively prevents the harmful effects of endoluminal stenting by avoiding contact with the vascular endothelium and blood flow. This preliminary protective measure eliminates the chain of events that would otherwise lead to restenosis and atherosclerosis formation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The intramural stent system effectively targets specific tissues, minimizes adverse reactions, and provides uniform radial expansion, reducing the risk of complications and improving treatment outcomes compared to traditional endoluminal stents.
Implementation Method 1
surrounded by a magnetized jacket, allowing for targeted drug delivery and radial expansion
Data Source
AI summary
Described are coordinated apparatus and methods for drug targeting, clearing the lumen, placing implants within the wall of, and stenting, as necessary, any tubular anatomical structure with single luminal entry. Miniature balls, or miniballs, are introduced into the wall aeroballistically from within the lumen, or small arcuate bands called stays inserted through the outer tunic by means of a hand tool. When miniballs must be placed too closely together to be controlled by hand, a positional control system assists in discharge. Implantation within or proximal to diseased tissue targeting, and thus concentrating the medication in that tissue, miniballs and stays can be used to deliver and controllably release multiple drugs, a radionuclide, or an open or closed loop smart-pill, for example. A glossary of terms follows the specification. Balance of abstract appended to the section entitled Summary of the Invention.