Intranasal Composite Particles for Allergic Rhinitis Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for allergic rhinitis, such as medical agent therapy and hyposensitization, come with side effects and require long-term administration, while existing bactericidal materials lack efficacy in treating rhinitis without light exposure.
Innovation Solution
Composite particles containing titanium oxide, metal particles, and calcium phosphate, arranged three-dimensionally and randomly, are administered to the intranasal mucosa to prevent or treat rhinitis, leveraging photocatalytic and bactericidal actions without the need for light.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If medical agents (steroidal antiinflammatory agents, immunosuppressive agents, antihistaminic agents) are used to treat allergic rhinitis, then the symptoms are relieved, but side effects occur (adrenal atrophy, infectious diseases, malaise, drowsiness, vertigo)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates harmful side effects by replacing chemical medical agents with a physical photocatalytic system. The composite particles consisting of titanium oxide and silver particles provide therapeutic effects through photocatalytic decomposition of allergens and bacteria, completely avoiding the side effects associated with traditional pharmaceutical agents.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental treatment parameter from chemical substance administration to physical photocatalytic action. By utilizing light energy to activate titanium oxide particles, the system transforms chemical energy into optical energy and back, creating a side-effect-free treatment modality that maintains effectiveness while eliminating harmful pharmacological effects.
2Reliability
If hyposensitization therapy is administered to treat allergic rhinitis, then the immunoreaction is inhibited, but the treatment requires a few months to several years to exhibit sufficient effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by directly decomposing allergens and pathogenic substances upon contact with the nasal mucosa, rather than requiring gradual immunological adaptation over months or years. The photocatalytic particles immediately break down allergens into harmless substances, providing rapid therapeutic effect without the prolonged treatment period characteristic of hyposensitization therapy.
3Reliability
If conventional bactericidal materials are used, then bactericidal action is achieved, but the action requires light exposure which is not present in the nasal cavity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality by creating a dual-functional composite particle system where titanium oxide provides photocatalytic activity and silver particles provide inherent bactericidal properties. This multi-functional design allows the material to exhibit both photocatalytic decomposition of allergens and direct bactericidal action, making it universally effective in the nasal cavity environment regardless of light conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining titanium oxide particles with silver particles in a specific configuration. The titanium oxide component enables photocatalytic action when light is available, while the silver component provides continuous bactericidal activity in the dark, creating a composite material that functions effectively under all lighting conditions in the nasal cavity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite particles effectively prevent or treat allergic rhinitis by inactivating allergens and reducing symptoms, offering a safer and more efficient alternative to existing treatments.
Implementation Method 1
the bactericidal action based on the photocatalytic action of the earthplus is considered to be exerted by the following mechanism. When the earthplus is radiated with ultraviolet rays (with a wavelength of 385 nm or less), electrons in the valence band which the titanium oxide particles have absorb energy for surpassing the band gap and are excited into the conduction band, generating positive holes (holes which have lost electrons) in the valence band
Implementation Method 2
The excited electrons migrate to the silver particles bonded to the titanium oxide particles, thereby inhibiting rebonding between the excited electrons and the positive holes. The excited electrons effect reduction reaction on the surface of the titanium oxide particles and on the surface of the silver particles, and the positive holes effect oxidation reaction on the surface of the titanium oxide particles. For example, the excited electrons reduce oxygen to generate superoxide anions
Implementation Method 3
the earthplus adsorbs microorganisms by the adsorbent action of hydroxyapatite particles
Data Source
AI summary
A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical preparation to be administered to the intranasal mucosa, and in order to solve such a problem, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical preparation to be administered to the intranasal mucosa, in which the pharmaceutical preparation includes a composite particle containing one or more titanium oxide particles, one or more metal particles, and one or more calcium phosphate particles.