Intranasal PDE Inhibitor Spray for Memory Loss Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current treatments for memory loss, such as those caused by sleep deprivation or neurodegenerative disorders, are inefficient in delivering phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors to the nasal cavity, leading to suboptimal therapeutic effects.
Innovation Solution
Intranasal administration of a liquid pharmaceutical composition containing PDE inhibitors using a nasal spray device that forms a plume of droplets with specific size distribution (D90 of 35 μm to 41 μm and less than 7% of droplets smaller than 10 μm) to target the nasal cavity effectively.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional nasal spray devices are used to deliver PDE inhibitors, then the delivery process is simple, but the deposition coverage and droplet size distribution are suboptimal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the spray delivery parameters to achieve optimal droplet size distribution. Specifically, the device is configured to produce droplets with a D90 of 35-41 μm and D50 of 21-25 μm, with less than 7% of droplets smaller than 10 μm. This controlled parameter adjustment ensures efficient nasal cavity coverage while maintaining acceptable device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes pneumatic and hydraulic principles in the spray device mechanism to control droplet formation and delivery. The device employs a spray chamber with controlled air flow and liquid flow dynamics to generate the desired droplet size distribution, leveraging fluid dynamics to achieve precise deposition control without excessive mechanical complexity.
2Reliability
If the spray delivers a broad range of droplet sizes, then the device is easier to manufacture, but the nasal cavity coverage is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes to optimize droplet size distribution for reliable nasal cavity coverage. By controlling the spray parameters to achieve a specific D90 range (35-41 μm) and D50 range (21-25 μm), the device ensures consistent and reliable coverage across the nasal cavity surface area, with the plume covering 15-50% of the nasal cavity surface.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by tailoring the droplet size distribution to specific regions of the nasal cavity. The controlled droplet sizes (D90: 35-41 μm, D50: 21-25 μm) are optimized for deposition in specific nasal regions, ensuring that each area receives appropriate droplet sizes for effective drug delivery, rather than using a uniform broad distribution.
3Area of stationary object
If more droplets are generated to increase coverage, then the nasal cavity coverage improves, but the number of small droplets increases reducing efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes to optimize the balance between coverage area and deposition efficiency. By controlling the droplet size parameters (D90: 35-41 μm, D50: 21-25 μm) and spray characteristics, the device achieves adequate nasal cavity coverage (15-50% surface area) while minimizing the proportion of inefficiently small droplets (less than 7% smaller than 10 μm), thereby reducing substance loss.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances the delivery of PDE inhibitors to the nasal cavity, improving treatment efficacy for memory loss by ensuring optimal deposition and coverage of the nasal cavity, thereby addressing the inefficiencies of existing delivery methods.
Implementation Method 1
a liquid pharmaceutical composition can be administered by a spray device. Upon actuation of the spray device, a plume of the liquid pharmaceutical composition can be delivered
Implementation Method 2
Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors increase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in the brain, improving memory
Data Source
AI summary
Smell loss (hyposmia) is a common cognitive deficit perceived clinically as a nasal abnormality but, in reality, it is a deficit of complex biochemical detection and processing of externally generated chemical events. A major mechanism initiating hyposmia involves abnormalities of growth of human olfactory cells through altered growth factor stimulation of stem cell activity. While several growth factors are involved well known signaling substances generate and perpetuate this process; among these substances are cAMP and cGMP. We have hypothesized a role for cAMP in taste and olfaction as a growth factor necessary for stem cell maturation. We have thus measured cAMP and cGMP in parotid saliva of 19 normal subjects and 144 patients with hyposmia to evaluate roles for these signals in cognition. Results indicate that patients secrete significantly less cAMP (0.40+/−0.03 pmol/mg protein (Mean+/−SEM); patients; 0.67+/−0.09, normals, p<0.005) and significantly less cGMP (0.072+/−0.003, patients; 0.100+/−0.007, normals, p<0.005) than do normals. While parotid gland secretions relate directly to taste bud growth factors many substances secreted in saliva are similar to those secreted in nasal mucus. The present results indicate aberrant signaling in saliva may serve both as a marker for hyposmia and as an indicator of a mechanism which interferes with olfactory system function.