Intraoperative CAD Planning With Virtual References in Surgical Navigation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional surgical planning methods lack the ability to facilitate ad-hoc intraoperative adjustments and customization, relying heavily on preoperative planning which can be subjective and prone to errors, and do not allow for real-time adaptation during surgery.
Innovation Solution
A surgical system comprising a digitization device, navigation system, and computing device with a CAD program that enables intraoperative planning by establishing local virtual references and arranging geometrical design objects within a virtual reference frame to plan surgical steps in real-time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If preoperative planning is performed using conventional methods, then the surgical plan can be formulated in advance, but the plan lacks flexibility for intraoperative adjustments and may contain errors that cannot be corrected in real-time
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from static preoperative planning to dynamic intraoperative planning by enabling real-time capture and processing of anatomical data during surgery. The surgical plan can be modified on-the-fly based on actual anatomical variations discovered during the procedure, making the planning process adaptive rather than fixed.
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces an intermediary computational layer that processes anatomical data captured during surgery and generates or modifies surgical plans in real-time. This intermediary system acts as a bridge between the surgeon's observations and the surgical execution, enabling rapid plan adjustments without requiring lengthy preoperative planning sessions.
2Loss of time
If preoperative planning is performed with detailed measurements and markings, then the surgical steps can be predetermined, but the process is time-consuming and may not account for unexpected anatomical variations
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces manual measurement and marking processes with automated optical or imaging-based capture systems. Anatomical structures are digitized and measured computationally during surgery, eliminating the time-consuming manual tracing and measurement processes while providing more precise and comprehensive anatomical data.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary anatomical data capture and processing before the actual surgical intervention begins. By having the imaging and measurement systems ready to capture data in real-time during surgery, the system prepares anatomical models and measurements on-the-fly, reducing the need for extensive preoperative planning while maintaining comprehensive anatomical understanding.
3Measurement precision
If conventional 2D imaging is used for preoperative planning, then the equipment and process are simple, but the planning accuracy is limited and cannot fully represent complex 3D anatomy
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from 2D imaging and planning to 3D anatomical modeling and visualization. By capturing anatomical structures in three dimensions during surgery and generating corresponding 3D models, the system provides comprehensive spatial understanding of complex anatomy that cannot be achieved with conventional 2D images, enabling more accurate measurement and planning.
Data Source
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AI summary
A surgical system and method for facilitating ad-hoc intraoperative planning of a surgical step to be performed at a target site, the system comprising a digitization device, a navigation system, and a computing device. The digitization device intraoperatively facilitates establishment of one or more local virtual references relative to the target site. The navigation system tracks states of the digitization device. The computing device is coupled to the navigation system and comprises one or more processors and a non-transitory storage medium having stored thereon a computer-aided design (CAD) program. When executed by the one or more processors, the CAD program is configured to generate a virtual reference frame, register the one or more local virtual references within the virtual reference frame, and enable arrangement of different geometrical design objects within the virtual reference frame relative to one or more registered local virtual references to intraoperatively plan the surgical step.