Intraoperative Localization System for Joint Replacement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Surgeons face challenges in achieving optimal parameters during total hip replacement surgeries due to the complexity of the hip joint, leading to risks such as joint dislocation, bone fracture, and postoperative joint pain, as existing systems lack effective methods for precise intraoperative localization and adjustment of implant components.
Innovation Solution
An intraoperative localization system that uses a 3D marker attached to an implant component, X-ray imaging, and computer software to determine the pose of the marker relative to the bone or joint, updating the surgical plan and providing real-time clinical consequences, including risk stratification for dislocation, edge loading, and joint pain.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional manual surgical methods are used, then the surgeon has flexibility in decision-making, but the positioning precision of implant components deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a localisation object as an intermediary element that attaches to the implant component and serves as a reference for image-guided navigation. This mediator enables precise tracking and positioning by providing known geometric features that can be identified in imaging data, thereby achieving accurate implant placement without requiring complex direct measurement systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a digital copy or virtual model of the patient's anatomy and the implant components within a computer system. This digital twin allows for preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, and postoperative assessment, enabling precise positioning through virtual registration and comparison with actual surgical outcomes without requiring complex physical measurement devices.
2Reliability
If implant component positioning is not precisely controlled, then the surgery is simpler to perform, but postoperative complications such as dislocation and joint pain increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an image-guided feedback system where intraoperative imaging data is acquired and processed to determine the actual position and orientation of implant components. This information is fed back to the surgeon in real-time, allowing for immediate adjustment of implant positioning to achieve optimal outcomes and reduce complications such as dislocation and joint pain.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables preoperative planning and simulation where the optimal implant positioning is determined before surgery through digital modeling and analysis. This preliminary action allows the surgeon to prepare a detailed surgical plan with precise positioning targets, reducing intraoperative decision-making complexity and improving the reliability of complication-free outcomes.
3Measurement precision
If multiple imaging modalities and complex navigation systems are used, then measurement precision improves, but the time required for surgery increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a multi-functional integrated system that combines imaging acquisition, image processing, localisation object tracking, and navigation guidance within a single computer system. This universal platform performs multiple functions simultaneously, achieving high measurement precision without requiring sequential use of separate devices that would increase surgical time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the localisation object with the implant component itself, eliminating the need for separate tracking devices. The localisation object is integrated into the implant structure, allowing simultaneous imaging and positioning tracking without requiring additional imaging modalities or separate navigation equipment, thereby maintaining precision while reducing overall system complexity and procedure time.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances the accuracy of implant component positioning, reducing postoperative complications by providing a visual output of the intraoperative simulated performance metric, allowing surgeons to adjust the surgical plan and optimize implant component placement in real-time.
Implementation Method 1
an X-ray imaging device for application of X-ray radiation to the joint and for detecting X-ray radiation to create a digital X-ray image of the joint and a localisation object during a total joint replacement surgery
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure relates to an intraoperative localisation system for total joint replacement of a joint of a patient by a surgeon, the joint being associated with a bone. The localisation system comprises: an X-ray imaging device to create a digital X-ray image of the joint and a localisation object during a total joint replacement surgery; a computer system configured to: store a surgical plan comprising a digital three-dimensional model; receive the digital X-ray image of the joint and the localisation object during the total joint replacement surgery; determine a pose of the localisation object relative to the bone or the joint, based on the digital X-ray image; assess the pose of the localisation object against the surgical plan; and provide an indication of a clinical consequence of the pose in relation to the surgical plan to the surgeon.