Inverted Boiler Layout for Ultra-High Steam Temperature
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Solution Overview
Problem
The development of advanced ultra-supercritical thermal power generating units with ultra-high steam temperature steam parameters is hindered by the high cost and complexity of nickel base alloy materials and the difficulty in optimizing the unit system design to reduce construction costs and material consumption, particularly in reducing the length and cost of high-temperature steam pipelines.
Innovation Solution
An inverted pulverized coal boiler arrangement structure that positions high-temperature superheaters and reheaters at a low elevation, reducing pipe friction and radiation losses, and incorporating a denitration system and air preheater in the tail downlink flue, with convection heating surfaces arranged in series or parallel within the middle uplink flue to minimize the length of high-temperature steam pipelines and facilitate the adoption of ultra-high steam temperature parameters and double-reheat systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If nickel base alloy material is adopted for high-temperature pipelines, then the ultra-high steam temperature steam parameter (700°C or above) can be achieved, but the manufacturing cost increases dramatically (from 300 million RMB to 2.5 billion RMB for four pipelines)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the spatial parameters of the boiler arrangement by inverting the conventional structure, positioning the drum and water walls at the bottom while placing the superheater and reheater at the top. This inversion allows the high-temperature steam pipelines to be significantly shortened, thereby reducing the quantity of expensive nickel base alloy material required while still achieving ultra-high steam temperatures of 700°C or above
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies inversion by reversing the conventional boiler arrangement structure. Instead of having the drum at the top and water walls at the bottom, the drum and water walls are positioned at the bottom with the superheater and reheater at the top. This inverted arrangement fundamentally changes the pipeline layout, reducing the length of high-temperature steam pipelines and the associated manufacturing costs
2Productivity
If double-reheat system is adopted to improve generating efficiency to above 51%, then the unit efficiency increases, but the system complexity and investment increase greatly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the superheater and reheater systems into a unified top-positioned arrangement, where both heating surfaces are located in the upper part of the boiler. This integration simplifies the overall system layout and reduces the complexity of pipeline connections compared to conventional separate arrangements, while still achieving the double-reheat function for generating efficiencies above 51%
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes vertical spatial dimension by positioning the drum and water walls at the bottom and the superheater-reheater system at the top, creating a compact vertical arrangement. This dimensional reorganization reduces the horizontal spread and complexity of the double-reheat system while maintaining its efficiency-benhcing functionality
3Reliability
If conventional boiler arrangement is used, then the structure is traditional and proven, but the length of high-temperature steam pipelines is long, increasing friction and radiation losses
Solution Approach 1:
By inverting the conventional boiler arrangement with the drum and water walls at the bottom and the superheater-reheater at the top, the patent creates a compact configuration that minimizes the length of high-temperature steam pipelines. This inversion maintains structural reliability while significantly reducing friction and radiation thermal losses in the steam transport system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This arrangement reduces manufacturing costs, lowers thermal losses, and enhances the efficiency of power generation units, enabling them to operate at ultra-high steam temperatures while simplifying the arrangement of high-temperature steam pipes and allowing for the convenient adoption of double-reheat systems.
Implementation Method 1
convection heating surfaces consisting of an economizer, a superheater pipe set and a reheater pipe set are arranged inside the middle uplink flue
Implementation Method 2
arrangement structure suitable for inverted pulverized coal boiler with ultra-high steam temperature steam parameters
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides an arrangement structure suitable for an inverted pulverized coal boiler with ultra-high steam temperature steam parameters, including a hearth, wherein the hearth is communicated with a middle uplink flue, and the top of the middle uplink flue is communicated with that of a tail downlink flue. In the structure, the hearth is connected with the middle uplink flue by a hearth outlet horizontal flue at the bottom, so that the high-temperature gas is drained to a low elevation and then flows upwards through the middle uplink flue; a final heating surface may be arranged at the low position of the hearth outlet horizontal flue and the middle uplink flue so as to reduce the length of the high-temperature steam pipeline between the final heating surface and the steam turbine, lower the manufacturing cost of the boiler as well as the frication and radiation loss of the pipe.